N.D. Const. art. IX, § 1 — Research

Trust Fund. Text of the section: current and prior versions.

Every citing reference in the corpus: 6 court opinions and 19 Attorney General opinions. Counts include the section's pre-1981 designation (§ 153), era-gated by the renumbering crosswalk.

Generated from the citation graph of the validated corpus. Treatment groupings (construing / citing / recital) are heuristic reading aids, not editorial judgments — read the opinion before relying on any signal.

Cases by topic

Topics are machine-generated groupings of the citing references — reading aids, not editorial judgments. Documents cited after the last classification pass appear in the lists below until the next pass.

Nature and inviolability of the trust

N.D. Att'y Gen.: N.D. Op. Att'y Gen. (Aug. 19, 1992)
N.D. Att'y Gen.: N.D. Op. Att'y Gen. 86-19 (1986)
N.D. Att'y Gen.: N.D. Op. Att'y Gen. (May 2, 1946)
State v. Towner County, 1938 ND 66 (1938, Burr, J.) · quotes the provision
- “…* * *" The compact with the United States, as set out in Article 16, Section 205, of the State Constitution, accepted the grants under their terms, and, in addition, further safeguarded the grants by the constitutional provisions hereinafter referred to. Section 153 of the Constitution made all proceeds of the public lands and other proceeds given for the school purposes a special fund and provided that it "shall be and remain a perpetual fund for the maintenance of the common scho…”
State ex rel. Board of University and School Lands of State v. Hanson, Commissioner of University and School Lands, 1934 ND 34 (1934, Burr, J.) · quotes the provision
- “…ls in this state; * * * and all other property otherwise acquired for common schools" and constitutes a trust fund "the principal of which shall forever remain inviolate and may be increased but never diminished. The state shall make good all losses thereof." Section 153 of the Constitution. The money of this permanent school fund may be invested by the board of University and school lands on "first mortgages on farm lands in this state." Section 162 of the Constitution. "If any portion…”

Investment and management of the permanent funds

N.D. Att'y Gen.: N.D. Op. Att'y Gen. 94-L-73 (1994)
N.D. Att'y Gen.: N.D. Op. Att'y Gen. 76-104 (1976)
N.D. Att'y Gen.: N.D. Op. Att'y Gen. 74-497 (1974)
N.D. Att'y Gen.: N.D. Op. Att'y Gen. 74-20 (1974)
Moses, Governor v. Baker, State Auditor, 1941 ND 51 (1941, Nuessle, J.)

Tax and special-assessment immunity of trust lands

N.D. Att'y Gen.: N.D. Op. Att'y Gen. 2012-L-02 (2012)
N.D. Att'y Gen.: N.D. Op. Att'y Gen. 61-22 (1961)
N.D. Att'y Gen.: N.D. Op. Att'y Gen. 59-191 (1959)
State v. Divide County, 1938 ND 72 (1938, Christianson, J.) · quotes the provision
- “…to grant the application, it became necessary to determine the matter fully. The appeal is taken by the one asking for the declaratory judgment, no question is raised as to extent of review, and we pass upon all of the issues raised. Under the provisions of Section 153 of the Constitution this school fund remains "a perpetual fund for the maintenance of the common schools of the state." This, however, merely shows the source of the money loaned. Under the provisions of Section 156 of…”
Erickson v. Cass County, 1902 ND 54 (1902, Young, J.)

Sale, leasing, and disposition of school lands

N.D. Att'y Gen.: N.D. Op. Att'y Gen. 2005-L-44 (2005)
N.D. Att'y Gen.: N.D. Op. Att'y Gen. 45-188 (1945)
State ex rel. Francis v. Murphy, State Board of Administration, 1926 ND 122 (1926, Johnson, J.) · quotes the provision
- “…ution, is the perpetual possession of the state for educational purposes; and, that, if a power of transfer exist, the sale must be for a fair and a valuable consideration; and the proceeds must be held and used for the purpose prescribed in the Constitution. Section 153 of the Constitution provides that certain lands, and the proceeds thereof, intended for the support of the common schools, shall "remain a perpetual fund for the maintenance of the common schools of [*55] the state. It…”

Interest, income, and expenditure of the fund

N.D. Att'y Gen.: N.D. Op. Att'y Gen. 2014-L-09 (2014)
N.D. Att'y Gen.: N.D. Op. Att'y Gen. 80-112 (1980)
N.D. Att'y Gen.: N.D. Op. Att'y Gen. 74-184 (1974)

Escheats, minerals, and other additions to the fund

N.D. Att'y Gen.: N.D. Op. Att'y Gen. (Feb. 13, 1986)
N.D. Att'y Gen.: N.D. Op. Att'y Gen. 75-32 (1975)
N.D. Att'y Gen.: N.D. Op. Att'y Gen. 70-353 (1970)
N.D. Att'y Gen.: N.D. Op. Att'y Gen. 69-344 (1969)

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