# Title 26.1 — Insurance

## Chapter 26.1-37 — Credit Insurance

### § 26.1-37-01. Scope.

1. This chapter may be cited as the "Consumer Credit Insurance Model Act".
2. All consumer credit insurance issued or sold in connection with loans or other credit
transactions for personal, family, or household purposes is subject to the provisions of
this chapter, except:
a. Insurance written in connection with a credit transaction that is:
(1) Secured by a first mortgage or deed of trust; or
(2) Made to finance the purchase of real property or the construction of a
dwelling thereon, or to refinance a prior credit transaction made for such a
purpose;
b. Transactions involving extensions of credit primarily for business or commercial
purposes;
c. Private passenger motor vehicle insurance or mobile homeowner's insurance;
d. Creditor-placed insurance;
e. Insurance sold as an isolated transaction on the part of the insurer and not
related to an agreement or a plan for insuring debtors of the creditor;
f. Insurance for which no identifiable charge is made to the debtor; and
g. Insurance on accounts receivable.
### § 26.1-37-02. Definitions.

For the purposes of this chapter:
1. "Closed-end credit" means a credit transaction that does not meet the definition of
open-end credit.
2. "Collateral" means personal property that is pledged as security for the satisfaction of
a debt.
3. "Consumer credit insurance" is a general term used in this chapter to refer to any or all
of credit life insurance, credit accident and health insurance, credit unemployment
insurance, credit property, or any other credit insurance.
4. "Credit accident and health insurance" means insurance on a debtor to provide
indemnity for payments becoming due on a specific loan or other credit transaction
while the debtor is disabled as defined in the policy.
5. "Credit agreement" means the written document that sets forth the terms of the credit
transaction and includes the security agreement.
6. "Credit life insurance" means insurance on a debtor or debtors, pursuant to or in
connection with a specific loan or other credit transaction, to provide for satisfaction of
a debt, in whole or in part, upon the death of an insured debtor.
7. "Credit property insurance" means any policy, endorsement, rider, binder, certificate, or
other instrument or evidence of insurance covering perils to goods purchased through
a credit transaction or used as collateral for a credit transaction and which concerns a
creditor's interest in the purchased goods or pledged collateral either in whole or in
part.
8. "Credit transaction" means any transaction by the terms of which the repayment of
money loaned or loan commitment made, or payment for goods, services, or
properties sold or leased, is to be made at a future date or dates.
9. "Credit unemployment insurance" means insurance on a debtor to provide indemnity
for payments or debt becoming due on a specific loan or other credit transaction while
the debtor is involuntarily unemployed as defined in the policy.
10. "Creditor" means the lender of money or vendor or lessor of goods, services, or
property, rights, or privileges, for which payment is arranged through a credit
transaction, or any successor to the right, title, or interest of the lender, vendor, or
lessor, and an affiliate, associate, or subsidiary of any of them or any director, officer,
or employee of any of them, or any other person in any way associated with any of
them.

11. "Creditor-placed insurance" means insurance that is purchased unilaterally by the
creditor, who is the named insured, subsequent to the date of the credit transaction,
providing coverage against loss, expense, or damage to the collateralized personal
property as a result of fire, theft, collision, or other risks of loss that would either impair
a creditor's interest or adversely affect the value of collateral covered by dual interest
insurance. It is purchased according to the terms of the credit agreement as a result of
the debtor's failure to provide required physical damage insurance, with the cost of the
coverage being charged to the debtor. It is either single interest insurance or limited
dual interest insurance.
12. "Debtor" means a borrower of money or a purchaser or lessee of goods, services,
property, rights, or privileges for which payment is arranged through a credit
transaction.
13. "Dual interest insurance" means credit property insurance covering the seller's or
creditor's interest and at least partially the borrower's interest in the goods purchased
through the credit transaction or pledged as collateral for the credit transaction.
14. "Finance charge" means any charge payable directly or indirectly as an incident to or
as a condition of the extension of credit, including interest; time price differentials;
amount payable under a discount system of additional charges; service, transaction, or
carrying charges; loan fees; points or similar charges; appraisal fees; or charges
incurred for investigating the creditworthiness of the consumer. The terms do not
include charges as a result of default, taxes, license fees, delinquency charges, or
filing fees.
15. "Gross debt" means the sum of the remaining payments owed to the creditor by the
debtor.
16. "Identifiable charge" means a charge for a type of consumer credit insurance that is
made to debtors having such insurance and not made to debtors not having such
insurance, and includes a charge for insurance that is disclosed in the credit or other
instrument furnished to the debtor which sets out the financial elements of the credit
transaction and any difference in the finance, interest, service, or other similar charge
made to debtors who are in like circumstances except for the insured or noninsured
status of the debtor or of the property used as security for the credit transaction.
17. "Net debt" means the amount necessary to liquidate the remaining debt in a single
lump sum payment, excluding all unearned interest and other unearned finance
charges.
18. "Open-end credit" means credit extended by a creditor under an agreement in which:
a. The creditor reasonably contemplates repeated transactions;
b. The creditor imposes a finance charge from time to time on an outstanding
unpaid balance; and
c. The amount of credit that may be extended to the debtor during the term of the
agreement, up to any limit set by the creditor, is generally made available to the
extent that any outstanding balance is repaid.
### § 26.1-37-03. Issuance of policies and certificates.

All credit insurance subject to this chapter may be delivered or issued for delivery in this
state only by an insurer authorized to do an insurance business therein and may be issued only
through holders of licenses or authorizations issued by the commissioner.
### § 26.1-37-04. Forms of credit life insurance and credit accident and health insurance.

Repealed by S.L. 2001, ch. 278, § 12.
### § 26.1-37-04.1. Types of consumer credit insurance.

The types of consumer credit insurance defined in section 26.1-37-02 may each be written
separately or in combination with other types of consumer credit insurance on an individual
policy or group policy basis. The commissioner may by rule prohibit or limit any combination.

### § 26.1-37-05. Amount of consumer credit insurance.

1. a. Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, the initial amount of credit life
insurance may not exceed the total amount repayable under the contract of
indebtedness and, when an indebtedness is repayable in substantially equal
installments, the amount of insurance may not exceed the scheduled or actual
amount of unpaid indebtedness, whichever is greater. Insurance on agricultural
loan commitments, not exceeding one year in duration, may be written up to the
amount of the loan commitment, on a nondecreasing or level term plan.
Insurance on educational loan commitments may be written for unpaid
indebtedness plus any unused commitment.
b. In the absence of any pre-existing condition exclusions, the amount of insurance
payable in the event of death due to natural causes may be limited to the balance
as the balance existed six months before the date of death if:
(1) There has been one increase or more in the outstanding balance during the
six-month period, other than those due to the accrual of interest or late
charges; and
(2) Evidence of individual insurability has not been required during the
six-month period.
c. Other patterns of insurance may be used which are not inconsistent with this
subsection, including those providing coverage for lease payments or lump sum
purchase at the end of the lease.
2. a. The total amount of periodic indemnity payable by credit accident and health
insurance or by credit unemployment insurance in the event of disability or
unemployment, as defined in the policy, may not exceed the aggregate of the
periodic scheduled unpaid installments of the gross debt; and the amount of each
periodic indemnity payment may not exceed the original gross debt divided by the
number of periodic installments.
b. Notwithstanding subdivision a, for credit accident and health insurance or for
credit unemployment insurance written in connection with an open-end credit
agreement, the amount of insurance may not exceed the gross debt which would
accrue on that amount using the periodic indemnity. Subject to any policy
maximums, the periodic indemnity may not be less than the creditor's minimum
repayment schedule.
3. a. For credit property insurance sold in conjunction with a closed-end transaction,
an insurer may not issue credit property insurance coverage unless the amount
financed exceeds three hundred dollars.
b. For credit property insurance sold in conjunction with a closed-end transaction,
the amount of credit property insurance may not exceed the underlying credit
transaction.
### § 26.1-37-06. Term of consumer credit insurance.

1. Effective date of coverage:
a. For consumer credit insurance made available to and elected by the debtor
before or contemporaneous with a credit transaction to which the insurance
relates, the term of the insurance, subject to acceptance by the insurer,
commences on the date when the debtor becomes obligated to the creditor,
except that when evidence of individual insurability is required and the evidence
is furnished more than thirty days after the date when the debtor becomes
obligated to the creditor, the term of the credit insurance may commence on the
date on which the insurer determines the evidence to be satisfactory.
b. For insurance coverage made available to and elected by the debtor on a date
subsequent to the date of the consumer credit transaction to which the insurance
relates, the insurance, subject to acceptance by the insurer, commences on a
date not earlier than the date the election is made by the debtor nor later than
thirty days following the date on which the insurance company accepts the risk for

coverage, according to an objective method such as one related to a particular
date within a billing or repayment cycle or a calendar month.
c. Notwithstanding the provisions of subdivisions a and b, when a group policy
provides coverage with respect to debts existing on the policy effective date, the
insurance relating to the debt shall not commence before the effective date of the
group policy.
d. A charge for insurance may not be made to the debtor and retained by the
creditor or insurer for any time prior to commencement of the consumer credit
insurance to which the charge is related.
2. Termination date of coverage:
a. The term of any consumer credit insurance may not extend beyond the
termination date specified in the policy. The termination date of insurance may
precede, coincide with, or follow the scheduled maturity date of the debt to which
it relates, subject to any other requirements and restrictions of this chapter.
b. The term of any consumer credit insurance may not extend more than fifteen
days beyond the scheduled maturity date of the debt except when extended
without additional cost to the debtor or except when extended pursuant to a
written agreement, signed by the debtor, in connection with a variable interest
rate credit transaction or a deferral, renewal, refinancing, or consolidation of debt.
c. If the debt is discharged due to renewal, refinancing, or consolidation prior to the
scheduled termination date of the insurance, any insurance in force must be
terminated before any new insurance may be written in connection with the
renewed, refinanced, or consolidated debt.
d. In all cases of termination of insurance prior to the scheduled termination of the
insurance, an appropriate refund or credit to the debtor must be made of any
unearned insurance charge paid by the debtor for a term of insurance after the
date of the termination, except that a refund is not required of a charge made for
insurance if the insurance is terminated by performance of the insurer's obligation
with respect to the insurance.
e. An insured debtor may terminate consumer credit insurance at any time by
providing advance request to the insurer. The individual policy or group certificate
may require that the request be in writing or that the debtor surrender the
individual policy or group certificate or both. The debtor's right to terminate
coverage may also be subject to the terms of the credit transaction contract.
### § 26.1-37-07. Provisions of policies and certificates of insurance - Disclosure to

debtors.
1. Before the debtor elects to purchase consumer credit insurance in connection with a
credit transaction, the following must be disclosed to the debtor in writing:
a. That the purchase of consumer credit insurance is optional and not a condition of
obtaining credit approval.
b. If more than one kind of consumer credit insurance is being made available to the
debtor, whether the debtor can purchase each kind separately or the multiple
coverages only as a package.
c. The conditions of eligibility, if any.
d. That if the consumer has other insurance that covers the risk, the consumer may
not want or need credit insurance.
e. That within the first thirty days after receiving the individual policy or group
certificate, the debtor may cancel the coverage and have all premiums paid by
the debtor refunded or credited. Thereafter, the debtor may cancel the policy at
any time during the term of the loan and receive a refund of any of the unearned
premium. However, only in those instances when insurance is a requirement for
the extension of credit, the debtor may be required to offer evidence of alternative
insurance acceptable to the creditor at the time of cancellation.
f. A brief description of the coverage, including a description of the amount, the
term, any exceptions, limitations, and exclusions, the insured event, any waiting

or elimination period, any deductible, any applicable waiver of premium provision,
to whom the benefits would be paid, and the premium rate for each coverage or
for all coverages in a package.
g. That if the premium or insurance charge is financed, it will be subject to finance
charges at the rate applicable to the credit transaction.
2. The disclosures in subsection 1 must be provided in the following manner:
a. In connection with consumer credit insurance offered contemporaneously with the
extension of credit or offered through direct mail advertisements, disclosure must
be made in writing and presented to the consumer in a clear and conspicuous
manner.
b. In conjunction with the offer of credit insurance subsequent to the extension of
credit by other than direct mail advertisements, disclosure may be provided orally
so long as written disclosures are provided to the debtor no later than the earlier
of:
(1) Ten days after the election of coverage; or
(2) The date any other written material is provided to the debtor.
3. All consumer credit insurance must be evidenced by an individual policy or a group
certificate of insurance which must be delivered to the debtor.
4. The individual policy or group certificate must, in addition to other requirements of law,
set forth the following:
a. The name and home-office address of the insurer;
b. The name or names of the debtor or debtors or in the case of a group certificate,
the identity by name or otherwise of the debtor or debtors;
c. The premium or amount of payment by the debtor separately for each kind of
coverage or for all coverages in a package, except that for open-end loans, the
premium rate and the balance to which the premium rate applies;
d. A full description of the coverage or coverages, including the amount and term
thereof, and any exceptions, limitations, and exclusions;
e. A statement that the benefits will be paid to the creditor to reduce or extinguish
the unpaid debt or to repair or replace the property and, whenever the amount of
insurance benefit exceeds the unpaid debt that any excess is payable to a
beneficiary, other than the creditor, named by the debtor or to the debtor's estate;
and
f. If the scheduled term of insurance is less than the scheduled term of the credit
transaction, a statement to that effect on the face of the individual policy or group
certificate in not less than ten-point bold-faced type.
5. Unless the individual policy or group certificate of insurance is delivered to the debtor
at the time the debt is incurred, or at such other time that the debtor elects to purchase
coverage, a copy of the application for the policy or a notice of proposed insurance,
signed by the debtor and setting forth the name and home-office address of the
insurer, the name or names of the debtor, the premium or amount of payment by the
debtor for the insurance and the amount, term, and a brief description of the coverage
provided, must be delivered to the debtor at the time the debt is incurred or the
election to purchase coverage is made. The copy of the application or notice of
proposed insurance must also refer exclusively to insurance coverage, and must be
separate and apart from the loan, sale, or other credit statement of account,
instrument, or agreement, unless the information required by this subsection is
prominently set forth in that material. Upon acceptance of the insurance by the insurer
and within thirty days of the date upon which the debt is incurred or the election to
purchase coverage is made, the insurer shall cause the individual policy or group
certificate of insurance to be delivered to the debtor. The application or notice of
proposed insurance must state that upon acceptance by the insurer, the insurance
becomes effective as provided in section 26.1-37-06.
6. The application, notice of proposed insurance, or certificate may be used to fulfill all of
the requirements of subsections 1 and 4 if it contains all of the information required by
those subsections.

7. The debtor has thirty days from the date the debtor receives either the individual policy
or the group certificate to review the coverage purchased. At any time within the
thirty-day period, the debtor may contact the creditor or insurer issuing the policy or
certificate and request that the coverage be canceled. The individual policy or group
certificate may require the request to be in writing or that the policy or certificate be
returned to the insurer, or both. The debtor must, within thirty days of the request,
receive a full refund or credit of all premiums or insurance charges paid by the debtor.
8. If the named insurer does not accept the risk, the debtor must receive a policy or
certificate of insurance setting forth the name and home-office address of the
substituted insurer and the amount of the premium to be charged, and if the amount of
premium is less than that set forth in the notice of proposed insurance an appropriate
refund must be made within thirty days. If no insurer accepts the risk, then all
premiums paid must be refunded or credited within thirty days of application to the
person entitled thereto.
9. For the purpose of subsection 5, an individual policy or group certificate delivered in
conjunction with an open-end consumer credit agreement or any consumer credit
insurance requested by the debtor after the date of the debt must be deemed to be
delivered at the time the debt is incurred or election to purchase coverage is made if
the delivery occurs within thirty days of the date the insurance is effective.
10. An individual policy or group certificate delivered in conjunction with an open-end
credit agreement continues from its effective date through the term of the agreement
unless the individual policy or group certificate is terminated in accordance with its
terms at an earlier date.
11. Credit property insurance coverage, at a minimum, must include the coverages in the
standard fire policy with coverage attachment and extended coverage endorsement
and must cover a substantial risk of loss of or damage to the property related to the
credit transaction.
### § 26.1-37-08. Premiums and refunds.

1. An insurer may revise its schedules of premium rates from time to time and shall file
the revised schedules with the commissioner. No insurer may issue any consumer
credit insurance policy or group certificate for which the premium rate exceeds that
determined by the schedules of the insurer as on file with the commissioner. The
commissioner may adopt rules to assure that the premium rates are reasonable in
relation to the benefits provided.
2. Each individual policy or group certificate must provide for a refund in the event of
termination of the insurance prior to the scheduled maturity date of the insurance and
upon notice to the insurer. The refund of an amount paid by the debtor for insurance
must be paid or credited promptly to the person entitled thereto; provided, however,
that the commissioner shall prescribe a minimum refund and no refund which would be
less than the minimum need be made. Refund formulas which an insurer desires to
use must develop refunds that are at least as favorable to the debtor as refunds equal
to the premium cost of scheduled benefits subsequent to the date of cancellation or
termination, computed at the schedule of premium rates in effect on the date of issue.
The formula to be used in computing the refund must be filed with and approved by
the commissioner.
3. If a creditor requires a debtor to make any payment for consumer credit insurance and
an individual policy or group certificate of insurance is not issued, the creditor shall
immediately give written notice to the debtor and shall promptly make an appropriate
credit to the account.
4. The amount charged to a debtor for any consumer credit insurance may not exceed
the premiums charged by the insurer, as computed at the time the charge to the debtor
is determined.
5. This chapter does not authorize any payments for insurance prohibited under any law
or rule governing credit transactions.

### § 26.1-37-09. Applicability of credit life and health policy simplification standards.

All individual and group credit life insurance and credit accident and health insurance
policies and insurance certificates must comply with sections 26.1-33-29 through 26.1-33-32
and 26.1-36-13 through 26.1-36-16, respectively.
### § 26.1-37-10. Minimum credit life and health policy language simplification standards.

Repealed by S.L. 2001, ch. 278, § 12.
### § 26.1-37-11. Approval of credit life and health forms.

Repealed by S.L. 2001, ch. 278, § 12.
### § 26.1-37-12. Effect of credit life and health policy simplification standards on filed

policies.
Repealed by S.L. 2001, ch. 278, § 12.
### § 26.1-37-13. Claims.

1. All claims must be promptly reported to the insurer or its designated claim
representative, and the insurer shall maintain adequate claim files. All claims must be
settled as soon as possible and in accordance with the terms of the insurance
contract.
2. All claims must be paid either by draft drawn upon the insurer or by check of the
insurer to the order of the claimant to whom payment of the claim is due pursuant to
the policy provisions, or upon direction of the claimant to one specified.
3. No plan or arrangement may be used by which any person, firm, or corporation other
than the insurer or its designated claim representative is authorized to settle or adjust
claims. The creditor may not be designated as claim representative for the insurer in
adjusting claims; provided, that a group policyholder may, by arrangement with the
group insurer, draw drafts, checks, or electronic transfers in payment of claims due to
the group policyholder subject to audit and review by the insurer.
### § 26.1-37-14. Existing insurance - Choice of insurer.

When consumer credit insurance is required as additional security for any debt, the debtor
shall, upon request to the creditor, have the option of furnishing the required amount of
insurance through existing insurance policies owned or controlled by the debtor or of procuring
and furnishing the required coverage through any insurer authorized to transact insurance
business in this state.
### § 26.1-37-15. Enforcement.

The commissioner may adopt rules to implement this chapter. Whenever the commissioner
finds that there has been a violation of this chapter or any rules adopted pursuant to this
chapter, and after written notice thereof and hearing given to the insurer or other person
authorized or licensed by the commissioner, the commissioner shall set forth the details of the
findings together with an order for compliance by a specified date. The order is binding on the
insurer and other person authorized or licensed by the commissioner on the date specified
unless sooner withdrawn by the commissioner or a stay has been ordered by a court of
competent jurisdiction.
### § 26.1-37-16. Penalties.

In addition to any other penalty provided by law, any person violating an order of the
commissioner after it has become final, and while the order is in effect, upon proof thereof to the
satisfaction of the court, shall forfeit and pay to this state a sum not to exceed two hundred fifty
dollars which may be recovered in a civil action, except that if the violation is found to be willful,
the amount of the penalty may be a sum not to exceed one thousand dollars. The
commissioner, after notice and hearing, may revoke or suspend the license or certificate of
authority of the person guilty of the violation.
