# Title 4.1 — Agriculture

## Chapter 4.1-34 — Pesticide Registration

### § 4.1-34-01. Definitions.

For the purposes of this chapter, unless the context or subject matter otherwise requires:
1. "Active ingredient" means:
a. In the case of a pesticide other than a plant regulator, defoliant, or desiccant, any
ingredient that will prevent, destroy, repel, or mitigate pests.
b. In the case of a plant regulator, any ingredient that, through physiological action,
will accelerate or retard the rate of growth or rate of maturation or otherwise alter
the behavior of ornamental or crop plants or the product thereof.
c. In the case of a defoliant, any ingredient that will cause the leaves or foliage to
drop from a plant.
d. In the case of a desiccant, any ingredient that will artificially accelerate the drying
of plant tissue.
2. "Adulterated" applies to any pesticide if its strength or purity falls below the professed
standard or quality as expressed on labeling or under which it is sold, or if any
substance has been substituted wholly or in part for the pesticide, or if any valuable
constituent of the pesticide has been wholly or in part abstracted.
3. "Antidote" means the most practical immediate treatment in case of poisoning and
includes first-aid treatment.
4. "Commissioner" means the agriculture commissioner and includes any employee or
agent designated by the commissioner.
5. "Defoliant" means any substance or mixture of substances intended to cause the
leaves or foliage to drop from a plant with or without causing abscission.
6. "Desiccant" means any substance or mixture of substances intended to artificially
accelerate the drying of plant tissues.
7. "Device" means any instrument or contrivance intended for trapping, destroying,
repelling, or mitigating pests but does not include equipment used for the application of
pesticides when sold separately therefrom, or rodent traps.
8. "Environment" means air, water, land, and all plants and man and other animals living
therein and the interrelationships that exist among these.
9. "Federal Act" means the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act [7 U.S.C.
136 et seq.].
10. "Fungi" means all non-chlorophyll-bearing thallophytes, that is, all
non-chlorophyll-bearing plants of a lower order than mosses and liverworts, as, for
example, rusts, smuts, mildews, molds, yeasts, and bacteria, except those on or in
living humans or other animals, and those on or in processed food, beverages, or
pharmaceuticals.
11. "Fungicide" means any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing,
destroying, repelling, or mitigating any fungi.
12. "Herbicide" means any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing,
destroying, repelling, or mitigating any weed.
13. "Inert ingredient" means an ingredient that is not an active ingredient.
14. "Ingredient statement" means:
a. A statement of the name and percentage of each active ingredient, together with
the total percentage of the inert ingredients, in the pesticide; or
b. A statement of the name of all active ingredients in the order of their
predominance in the product, together with the name of each and total
percentage of any inert ingredients in the pesticide, except subdivision a applies if
the preparation is highly toxic to humans, determined as provided in section
4.1-34-06, and in addition to subsections 1 and 2 of section 4.1-34-06. If the
pesticide contains arsenic in any form, a statement must contain the percentages
of total and water-soluble arsenic, each calculated as elemental arsenic.
15. "Insect" means any of the numerous small invertebrate animals generally having the
body more or less obviously segmented, for the most part belonging to the class

insecta, comprising six-legged, usually winged forms, as for example, beetles, bugs,
bees, flies, and to other allied classes of arthropods whose members are wingless and
usually have more than six legs, as, for example, spiders, mites, ticks, centipedes, and
wood lice.
16. "Insecticide" means any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing,
destroying, repelling, or mitigating any insects that may be present in any environment.
17. "Label" means the written, printed, or graphic matter on, or attached to, the pesticide
or device, or any of its containers or wrappers.
18. "Labeling" means all labels and other written, printed, or graphic matter:
a. Upon the pesticide or device or any of its containers or wrappers;
b. Accompanying the pesticide or device at any time; or
c. To which reference is made on the label or in literature accompanying the
pesticide or device, except when accurate, nonmisleading reference is made to
current official publications of a state or federal agency, state agricultural
experiment station, or state agricultural college.
19. "Misbranded" applies:
a. To any pesticide or device if its labeling bears any statement, design, or graphic
representation relative to the pesticide or device or to its ingredients which is
false or misleading in any particular; and
b. To any pesticide:
(1) If the pesticide is an imitation of or is offered for sale under the name of
another pesticide;
(2) If the pesticide's labeling bears any reference to registration under this
chapter;
(3) If the labeling accompanying the pesticide does not contain directions for
use which are necessary and, if complied with, adequate to protect health
and the environment;
(4) If the label does not contain a warning or caution statement that may be
necessary and, if complied with, adequate to protect health and the
environment;
(5) If the label does not bear an ingredient statement on that part of the
immediate container and, if there is an outside container or wrapper, if the
outside container or wrapper does not have affixed a correct copy of the
required labeling information from the immediate container or does not
contain an opening through which the ingredient statement on the
immediate container can be clearly read, of the retail package that is
presented or displayed under customary conditions of purchase; except that
a pesticide is not misbranded under this subsection if:
(a) The size or form of the immediate container, or the outside container
or wrapper of the retail package, makes it impracticable to place the
ingredient statement on the part that is presented or displayed under
customary conditions of purchase; and
(b) The ingredient statement appears prominently on another part of the
immediate container, or outside container or wrapper, permitted by the
commissioner;
(6) The labeling does not contain a statement of the use classification under
which the product is registered if the product is a restricted use pesticide;
(7) There is no label information affixed to its container, and, if there is an
outside container or wrapper of the retail package, there is no label
information affixed to the outside container or wrapper and the outside
container or wrapper does not contain an opening through which the label
information on the immediate container can be clearly read. The label
information must include:
(a) The name and address of the producer, registrant, or person for whom
produced;
(b) The name, brand, or trademark under which the pesticide is sold; and

(c) The net weight or measure of the content;
(8) The pesticide contains any substance or substances in quantities highly
toxic to humans, unless the label bears, in addition to any other matter
required by this chapter:
(a) The skull and crossbones;
(b) The word "poison" prominently in red on a background of distinctly
contrasting color; and
(c) A statement of a first aid or other practical treatment in case of
poisoning by the pesticide;
(9) If any word, statement, or other information required under this chapter to
appear on the labeling is not prominently placed thereon with such
conspicuousness, as compared with other words, statements, designs, or
graphic matter in the labeling, and in such terms as to render it likely to be
read and understood by the ordinary individual under customary conditions
of purchase and use;
(10) If in the case of an insecticide, nematocide, fungicide, or herbicide, when
used as directed or in accordance with commonly recognized practice, it is
injurious to humans or vertebrate animals or vegetation, except weeds to
which it is applied, or to the individual applying the pesticide; or
(11) If a plant regulator, defoliant, or desiccant when used as directed is injurious
to humans or vertebrate animals, or the vegetation to which it is applied. The
physical or physiological effect on plants may not be deemed injurious when
this is the purpose for which the plant regulator, defoliant, or desiccant is
applied in accordance with label claims and recommendations.
20. "Nematocide" means any substance intended to prevent, destroy, repel, or mitigate
nematodes.
21. "Nematode" means any of the nonsegmented roundworms harmful to agricultural
plants.
22. "Person" means any individual, partnership, association, corporation, limited liability
company, or organized group of persons whether incorporated or not.
23. "Pest" means any insect, rodent, nematode, fungus, weed, or any other form of
terrestrial or aquatic plant or animal life, viruses, bacteria, or other micro-organisms
except viruses, bacteria, or other micro-organisms on or in living humans or animals.
24. "Pesticide" means any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing,
destroying, repelling, or mitigating any pests and any substance or mixture of
substances intended for use as a plant regulator, defoliant, or desiccant.
25. "Plant regulator" means any substance or mixture of substances intended, through
physiological action, to accelerate or retard the rate of growth or maturation, or to
otherwise alter the behavior of ornamental or crop plants or the produce thereof, but
does not include substances insofar as they are intended to be used as plant nutrients,
trace elements, nutritional chemicals, plant inoculants, or soil amendments. The term
"plant regulator" does not include any of such of those nutrient mixtures or soil
amendments as are commonly known as vitamin-hormone horticultural products,
intended for improvement, maintenance, survival, health, and propagation of plants,
and as are not for pest destruction and are nontoxic and nonpoisonous in the undiluted
packaged concentration.
26. "Protect health and environment" means protection against any unreasonable adverse
effects on the environment.
27. "Registrant" means the person registering any pesticide pursuant to this chapter.
28. "Restricted use pesticides" means any pesticide formulation that is classified for
restricted use by the United States environmental protection agency. The term also
includes a pesticide formulation classified for restricted use by the commissioner under
section 4.1-34-06.
29. "Rodenticide" means any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing,
destroying, repelling, or mitigating rodents or any other vertebrate animal that the
commissioner declares to be a pest.

30. "Snails" or "slugs" includes all harmful agricultural mollusks.
31. "Unreasonable adverse effects on the environment" means any unreasonable risk to
humans or the environment, taking into account the economic, social, and
environmental costs and benefits of the use of any pesticide.
32. "Weed" means any plant that grows where not wanted.
### § 4.1-34-02. Prohibited acts.

1. A person may not distribute, sell, or offer for sale within this state or deliver for
transportation or transport in intrastate commerce or between points within this state
through any point outside this state any of the following:
a. Any pesticide that has not been registered under section 4.1-34-03, or any
pesticide if any of the claims made for it or any of the directions for its use differ in
substance from the representations made in connection with its registration, or if
the composition of a pesticide differs from its composition as represented in
connection with its registration. The commissioner may allow a change in the
labeling or formula of a pesticide to be made within a registration period without
requiring reregistration of the product.
b. Any pesticide unless the pesticide is in:
(1) The registrant's or the manufacturer's unbroken immediate container; or
(2) A container repackaged by a facility or person with a United States
environmental protection agency issued establishment number, and there is
affixed to such container, and to any outside container or wrapper of the
retail package, a correct copy of the required labeling information from the
immediate container or there is in the outside container or wrapper an
opening through which the required labeling information on the immediate
container can be clearly read.
c. The pesticide commonly known as standard lead arsenate, basic lead arsenate,
calcium arsenate, magnesium arsenate, zinc arsenate, zinc arsenite, sodium
fluoride, sodium fluosilicate, and barium fluosilicate unless the pesticide has been
distinctly colored or discolored as provided by rules issued in accordance with
this chapter, or any other white powder pesticide that the commissioner, after
investigation of and after public hearing on the necessity for the action for the
protection of the public health and the feasibility of the coloration or discoloration,
by rule, requires to be distinctly colored or discolored; unless it has been so
colored or discolored. The commissioner may exempt any pesticide to the extent
it is intended for a particular use or uses from the coloring or discoloring required
or authorized by this section if the commissioner determines the coloring or
discoloring for the use is not necessary for the protection of the public health.
d. Any pesticide that is adulterated or misbranded, or any device that is misbranded.
2. A person may not detach, alter, deface, or destroy, in whole or in part, any label or
labeling provided for in this chapter or rules adopted under this chapter, or to add any
substance to, or take any substance from, a pesticide in a manner that may defeat the
purpose of this chapter.
3. A person may not use for the person's own advantage or reveal other than in response
to a proper subpoena, except to a physician or other qualified person for use in the
preparation of an antidote, any information relative to the formula of any product
acquired by authority of this chapter.
### § 4.1-34-03. Registration - Fees - Deposit of collections.

1. Before selling or offering for sale any pesticide for use within this state, a person shall
file biennially with the commissioner an application for registration of the pesticide. The
application must:
a. Give the name and address of each manufacturer or distributor.
b. Give the name and brand of each product to be registered.
c. Be accompanied by a current label of each product to be registered.

d. Be accompanied by a registration fee of three hundred fifty dollars for each
product to be registered.
e. Be accompanied by a material safety data sheet for each product to be
registered.
2. The commissioner may require an applicant or registrant to provide efficacy, toxicity,
residue, and any other data necessary to determine if the pesticide will perform its
intended function without unreasonable adverse effects on the environment. If the
commissioner finds the application conforms to law, the commissioner shall issue to
the applicant a certificate of registration of the product.
3. Each registration covers a designated two-year period beginning January first of each
even-numbered year and expiring December thirty-first of the following year. A
certificate of registration may not be issued for a term longer than two years, and is not
transferable from one person to another, or from the ownership to which it is issued to
another ownership. A penalty of fifty percent of the license or registration fee must be
imposed if the license or certificate of registration is not applied for on or before
January thirty-first following the expiration date. Each product must go through a
two-year discontinuance period in order to clear all outstanding products in the
channel of trade.
4. This section does not apply to a pesticide sold by a retail dealer if the registration fee
has been paid by the manufacturer, jobber, or any other person, as required by this
section.
5. At the close of each calendar month, the commissioner shall transmit to the state
treasurer all moneys received for the registrations under this section. The state
treasurer shall credit the registration fees to the environment and rangeland protection
fund.
### § 4.1-34-04. Reporting requirements.

Within thirty days after request by the commissioner, a registrant shall report the amount
and type of each registered pesticide sold, offered for sale, or otherwise distributed in the state.
The information required must include the brand name, amount, and formulation of each
pesticide sold, offered for sale, or otherwise distributed in the state. However, specific brand
names may not be identified in any report or otherwise made public.
### § 4.1-34-05. Protection of trade secrets.

1. In submitting data required by this chapter, the applicant may:
a. Clearly mark any portions that the applicant requests the commissioner to
determine to be trade secrets or commercial or financial information; and
b. Submit the marked material separately from other material.
2. After consideration of the applicant's request submitted under subsection 1, the
commissioner may not make any information public which in the commissioner's
judgment contains or relates to trade secrets or to commercial or financial information
obtained from an applicant. When necessary, information relating to formulas of
products may be revealed to any state or federal agency consulted with similar
protection of trade secret authority and may be revealed at a public hearing or in
findings of facts issued by the commissioner.
3. If the commissioner proposes to release information that the applicant or registrant
believes to be protected from disclosure under this section, the commissioner shall
notify the applicant or registrant by certified mail. The commissioner may not make the
information available for inspection until thirty days after receipt of the notice by the
applicant or registrant. During this period, the applicant or registrant may institute an
action in an appropriate court for a declaratory judgment as to whether the information
is subject to protection under this section.
### § 4.1-34-06. Determinations - Rules - Uniformity.

1. After providing an opportunity for a hearing, the commissioner may:

a. Declare as a pest any form of plant or animal life or virus which is injurious to
plants, humans, domestic animals, articles, or substances.
b. Determine whether pesticides are highly toxic to humans and whether their use
should be restricted.
c. Determine standards of coloring or discoloring for pesticides and to subject
pesticides to the requirements of subdivision c of subsection 1 of section
4.1-34-02.
2. The commissioner may adopt appropriate rules for carrying out this chapter, including
rules providing for the collection and examination of samples of pesticides or devices.
The commissioner also may adopt rules, applicable to and in conformity with the
primary standards established by this chapter, prescribed by the United States
environmental protection agency with respect to pesticides to provide uniformity
among the requirements of the several states and the federal government.
### § 4.1-34-07. Enforcement.

The commissioner shall examine pesticides or devices for compliance with this chapter. If
after examination the commissioner intends to initiate criminal proceedings against any person,
the commissioner shall cause appropriate notice to be given to the person. Any person notified
must be given an opportunity to present the person's views, either orally or in writing, with
regard to the contemplated proceedings and if thereafter in the opinion of the commissioner it
appears the chapter has been violated by the person, the commissioner shall refer the facts to
the state's attorney for the county in which the violation has occurred with a copy of the results
of the analysis or the examination of the article. The commissioner is not required to report for
prosecution or for the institution of libel proceedings minor violations of this chapter if the
commissioner believes the public interests will be best served by a suitable written notice of
warning. A state's attorney to whom any violation is reported under this section, without delay,
shall cause appropriate proceedings to be instituted and prosecuted in the proper court of
jurisdiction. The commissioner, by publication in the manner the commissioner prescribes, shall
give notice of all judgments entered in actions instituted under the authority of this chapter.
### § 4.1-34-08. Stop-sale orders.

The commissioner may issue and enforce a stop-sale order to the owner or custodian of
any pesticide when the commissioner finds that the product is being offered for sale in violation
of this chapter. The order must direct the product be held at a designated place until released in
writing by the commissioner. The owner or custodian of the product has the right to petition a
court of competent jurisdiction in the county where the product is found for an order releasing
the product for sale in accordance with the findings of the court.
### § 4.1-34-09. Exemptions.

1. The penalties provided for violations of section 4.1-34-02 do not apply to:
a. A carrier while lawfully engaged in transporting a pesticide within this state, if the
carrier, upon request, permits the commissioner to copy all records showing the
transactions in and movement of the articles.
b. A public official of this state or the federal government engaged in the
performance of official duties.
c. The manufacturer or shipper of a pesticide for experimental use only:
(1) By or under the supervision of an agency of this state or of the federal
government authorized by law to conduct research in the field of pesticides;
or
(2) By others if the pesticide is not sold and if the pesticide container is plainly
and conspicuously marked "For experimental use only - Not to be sold",
together with the manufacturer's name and address.
c. A person using, distributing, selling, or offering for sale an unregistered pesticide
for which the United States environmental protection agency has granted an

emergency exemption for at least one use in North Dakota under section 18 of
the federal Act.
2. An article may not be deemed in violation of this chapter when intended solely for
export to a foreign country and when prepared or packed according to the
specifications or directions of the purchaser. If not so exported, all the provisions of
this chapter apply.
### § 4.1-34-10. Minimum-risk pesticide exemption.

1. Section 4.1-34-02 does not apply to any person who distributes, sells, or offers for sale
within this state or delivers for transportation or transports in intrastate commerce or
between points within this state through any point outside this state a minimum-risk
pesticide exempt from registration under the federal Act, provided the person has
obtained a certificate of exemption from the commissioner.
2. To obtain a certificate of exemption for a minimum-risk pesticide, a person shall file an
application with the commissioner. The application must include:
a. The name and address of the product's manufacturer or distributor;
b. The name and brand name of the product;
c. A current label for the product; and
d. A fee equal in amount to the fee set under section 4.1-34-03 for the registration of
a pesticide.
3. The commissioner shall remit any fees collected under this section to the state
treasurer for deposit in the environment and rangeland protection fund.
4. Each exemption from registration covers a designated two-year period beginning
January first of each even-numbered year and expiring December thirty-first of the
following year.
### § 4.1-34-11. Penalties.

Any person violating this chapter is guilty of an infraction. If a registrant was issued a
warning by the commissioner under this chapter, upon violating this chapter, other than
subdivision a of subsection 1 of section 4.1-34-02, that registrant is guilty of a class A
misdemeanor and the registration of the article with which the violation occurred automatically
terminates. A pesticide for which the registration has been terminated may not again be
registered unless the pesticide, its labeling, and other material required to be submitted appear
to the commissioner to comply with the requirements of this chapter. In addition to any criminal
penalty, a person found guilty of violating this chapter or the rules adopted under this chapter is
subject to a civil penalty not to exceed one thousand dollars for each violation. The civil penalty
may be imposed by a court in a civil proceeding or by the commissioner through an
administrative hearing under chapter 28-32.
### § 4.1-34-12. Seizures.

1. Any pesticide or device that is distributed, sold, or offered for sale within this state or
delivered for transportation or transported in intrastate commerce or between points
within this state through any point outside this state is liable to be proceeded against in
any proper court of jurisdiction in any county of the state where it may be found and
seized for confiscation by process of libel for condemnation:
a. In the case of a pesticide:
(1) If it is adulterated or misbranded;
(2) If it has not been registered under section 4.1-34-03;
(3) If it fails to bear on its label the information required by this chapter; or
(4) If it is a white powder pesticide and is not colored as required under this
chapter.
b. In the case of a device, if it is misbranded.
2. If the pesticide is condemned, after entry of decree, the pesticide must be disposed of
by destruction or sale as the court may direct and any proceeds, less legal costs, must
be paid to the state treasurer. The pesticide may not be sold contrary to the provisions

of this chapter. Upon payment of cost and execution and delivery of a good and
sufficient bond conditioned that the pesticide may not be disposed of unlawfully, the
court may direct the pesticide be delivered to its owner for relabeling or reprocessing.
When a decree of condemnation is entered against the pesticide, court costs and fees
and storage and other proper expenses must be awarded against any person
intervening as claimant of the pesticide.
### § 4.1-34-13. Cooperation.

The commissioner may cooperate and enter agreements with any other agency of this state
or of the federal government or any other state or agency thereof for the purpose of carrying out
this chapter and securing uniformity of regulations.
### § 4.1-34-14. Experimental use permits.

If the state is authorized by the administrator of the United States environmental protection
agency to issue experimental use permits, the commissioner may:
1. Issue an experimental use permit to an applicant if the commissioner determines that
the applicant requires the permit to accumulate information necessary to register a
pesticide use. An application for an experimental use permit may be filed when an
application for registration is filed or before or after filing the application.
2. Prescribe terms, conditions, and the period of time for use under the experimental use
permit.
3. Revoke an experimental use permit if the commissioner finds the permit's terms or
conditions are being violated or that the permit's terms and conditions are inadequate
to avoid unreasonable adverse effects to human health or the environment.
### § 4.1-34-15. Minimum-risk pesticide - Certificate of exemption.

1. Section 4.1-34-02 does not apply to any person who distributes, sells, or offers for sale
within this state or delivers for transportation or transports in intrastate commerce or
between points within this state through any point outside this state a minimum-risk
pesticide exempt from registration under the federal Act, provided the person has
obtained a certificate of exemption from the commissioner.
2. To obtain a certificate of exemption for a minimum-risk pesticide, a person shall file an
application with the commissioner. The application must include:
a. The name and address of the product's manufacturer or distributor;
b. The name and brand name of the product;
c. A current label for the product; and
d. A fee equal in amount to the fee set under section 4.1-34-03 for the registration of
a pesticide.
3. The commissioner shall remit any fees collected under this section to the state
treasurer for deposit in the environment and rangeland protection fund.
4. Each exemption from registration covers a designated two-year period beginning
January first of each even-numbered year and expiring December thirty-first of the
following year.
