# Title 4.1 — Agriculture

## Chapter 4.1-48 — Potato Production Contracts

### § 4.1-48-01. Definitions.

In this chapter, unless the context or subject matter otherwise requires:
1. "Buyer" means an individual, group of individuals, organization, or entity that in the
ordinary course of business buys potatoes or byproducts of potatoes grown in this
state or that contracts with a potato producer to grow potatoes in this state.
2. "Good faith" means honesty in fact and the observance of reasonable commercial
standards of fair dealing.
3. "Potatoes" means potatoes or byproducts of potatoes produced for use in or as food,
seed, feed, or other byproducts of the farm for the same or similar use.
4. "Producer" means an individual, group of individuals, organization, or entity that
produces or causes to be produced potatoes by contracting with a buyer or processor
to provide management, labor, machinery, facilities, or any production input for the
production of potatoes.
### § 4.1-48-02. Unfair acts and practices prohibited.

The following prohibited acts or practices, when engaged in by a buyer in connection with a
potato production contract or purchase involving potatoes constitute unfair acts or practices for
purposes of this chapter. A buyer may not:
1. Use coercion, intimidation, the threat of retaliation or the threat of contract termination,
cancellation, or nonrenewal to impose, demand, compel, or dictate terms, payment or
manner of payment, or the signing of a contract by a potato producer.
2. Use coercion, intimidation, the threat of retaliation, or the threat of contract termination,
cancellation, or nonrenewal to require a producer to make capital improvements such
as buildings or equipment.
3. Interfere with, restrain, or coerce a producer in the exercise of the right to join, form, or
assist a producer bargaining cooperative or association.
4. Refuse to deal with a producer because of the exercise of the right to join and belong
to a producer bargaining cooperative or association.
5. Refuse to provide to the producer, upon request, the statistical information and the
data used to determine compensation paid to the producer for settlement.
6. Refuse to allow a producer or the producer's designated representative to observe, by
actual observation at the time of weighing, the weights and measures used to
determine the producer's compensation at settlement.
7. Use the performance of any other producer to determine the settlement of a producer.
8. Refuse to bargain with an established producer bargaining cooperative or association
formed for the purpose of negotiating contracts and agreements.
### § 4.1-48-03. Civil liability for damages from an unfair act or practice.

A person who engages in conduct that constitutes an unfair act or practice under section
practice.
### § 4.1-48-04. Good faith - Damages for violation - Penalty.

There is an implied promise of good faith by all parties to a potato production contract. In an
action to recover damages, if the court or a jury finds there has been a breach of the implied
promise of good faith, in addition to other damages authorized by law, attorney's fees and court
costs may be awarded.
### § 4.1-48-05. Recapture of capital investment required by a potato production contract.

1. A contractor may not terminate or cancel a contract that requires a producer to make a
capital investment in buildings or equipment that cost one hundred thousand dollars or
more and have a useful life of five or more years until:

a. The producer has been given written notice of the intention to terminate or cancel
the contract at least one hundred eighty days before the effective date of the
termination or cancellation, or as provided in subsection 3; and
b. The producer has been reimbursed for damages incurred by an investment in
buildings or equipment that was made for the purpose of meeting minimum
requirements of the contract.
2. Except as provided in subsection 3, if a producer fails to comply with the provisions of
a contract that requires a capital investment subject to subsection 1, a contractor may
not terminate or cancel that contract until:
a. The contractor has given written notice with all the reasons for the termination or
cancellation at least ninety days before termination or cancellation, or as provided
in subsection 3; and
b. The recipient of the notice fails to correct the reasons stated for termination or
cancellation in the notice within sixty days of receipt of the notice.
3. The one hundred eighty-day notice period under subsection 1, and the ninety-day
notice period and the sixty-day notice period under subsection 2, are waived and the
contract may be canceled or terminated immediately if the alleged grounds for
termination or cancellation are:
a. Voluntary abandonment of the contract relationship by the producer; or
b. Conviction of the producer of an offense directly related to the business
conducted under the contract.
