# Title 57 — Taxation

## Chapter 57-39.9 — State-Tribal Sales, Use, and Gross Receipts Tax Agreements

### § 57-39.9-01. Authority to enter state-tribal sales, use, and gross receipts tax

agreements.
The governor, in consultation with the tax commissioner, may enter separate agreements on
behalf of the state with the governing body of the Three Affiliated Tribes of the Fort Berthold
Reservation, Sisseton-Wahpeton Oyate of the Lake Traverse Reservation, Spirit Lake Tribe,
Standing Rock Sioux Tribe, and Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians, which comply with
this chapter relating to the collection, administration, enforcement, and allocation of state sales,
use, and gross receipts taxes imposed and collected within the exterior boundaries of the Fort
Berthold Reservation, that portion of the Lake Traverse Reservation located in this state, the
Spirit Lake Reservation, that portion of the Standing Rock Reservation located in this state, or
the Turtle Mountain Reservation. The tax commissioner shall conduct a review of any proposed
agreement under this chapter to determine if its provisions can be administered and enforced.
An agreement under this chapter must include the sales tax, use tax, farm machinery gross
receipts tax, and the alcoholic beverages gross receipts tax.
### § 57-39.9-02. Agreement requirements.

The governor may enter an agreement with a tribe or tribes if the agreement complies with
this section.
1. The taxes subject to an agreement under this chapter are the state's sales, use, and
gross receipts taxes under chapters 57-39.2, 57-39.5, 57-39.6, and 57-40.2, as may
be amended subsequently by the legislative assembly, for taxable transactions and
activities occurring exclusively within the exterior boundaries of the Fort Berthold
Reservation, that portion of the Lake Traverse Reservation located in this state, the
Spirit Lake Reservation, that portion of the Standing Rock Reservation located in this
state, or the Turtle Mountain Reservation.
2. Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, the state's sales, gross receipts, and use
taxes under chapters 57-39.2, 57-39.5, 57-39.6, and 57-40.2, must apply to all
transactions and activities by all persons and entities occurring within the boundaries
of the reservation.
3. A tribe or tribes shall impose taxes equal to the state's taxes which conform in all
respects with regard to the taxable or exempt status of transactions and activities
under chapters 57-39.2, 57-39.5, 57-39.6, and 57-40.2, but must be applied only to
those taxable transactions and activities occurring within the exterior boundaries of a
reservation which are exempt from state taxes because the transactions or activities
occur within the tribe's or tribes' jurisdiction.
4. Chapters 57-39.2, 57-39.5, 57-39.6, and 57-40.2, and title 81 of the North Dakota
Administrative Code govern the administration of the taxes subject to an agreement
under this chapter.
5. Except as provided in subsection 6, tribally owned and tribal member-owned business
entities operating within the boundaries of a reservation are subject to the state's tax or
taxes contained in the agreement.
6. Any tax subject to an agreement may not be imposed on a tribally owned entity that
solely performs a governmental function or provides essential government services
that directly impact the health, welfare, or safety of the tribe and its members, if the
tribal entity is identified as such in the agreement. Any other tribally owned business
enterprise whose moneys are used, in whole or in part, to fund governmental functions
or services, is not subject to the exemption provided under this subsection.
7. The governor and the tribe or tribes must agree the tribe or tribes may not impose any
direct or indirect tribal tax or fee on retailers, transactions, or activities subject to the
tax agreement. This subsection does not apply to tribal employment rights office fees.
8. The tax commissioner retains authority to collect, administer, and enforce the taxes as
provided in chapters 57-39.2, 57-39.5, 57-39.6, and 57-40.2, including the authority to

audit, assess, refund, credit, or determine the exempt or nonexempt status of any
transaction, for taxes collected within the reservation under an agreement.
9. Any controversy or claim between the tribe or tribes and the state, arising out of or
relating to an agreement under this chapter, is subject to binding arbitration in
accordance with the processes and procedures provided in the agreement between
the tribe or tribes and the state. Any issues concerning the jurisdiction of the state to
impose a tax are expressly excluded from the scope of the arbitration.
10. The amount of state sales, use, and farm machinery gross receipts tax revenue
allocated to a tribe or tribes under an agreement must be calculated as follows:
a. Fifty percent of the taxes collected from retailers within the exterior boundaries of
the reservation. The state shall receive the remainder.
b. An amount of estimated use taxes paid or collected from enrolled tribal members
residing within the exterior boundaries of the reservation determined by
multiplying the enrolled membership of the tribe by the estimated per capita use
tax. The estimated per capita use tax is ten percent of the per capita sales tax
burden. The per capita sales tax burden is determined by multiplying the state tax
rate factor by one third of the sales tax burden reported by the most recent "Tax
Rates and Tax Burdens in the District of Columbia - A Nationwide Comparison",
published by the government of the District of Columbia office of revenue
analysis, for a family of three living in the largest city in North Dakota, and earning
fifty thousand dollars per year. The state tax rate factor is a fraction representing
the state general sales tax rate as a share of the combined state and local sales
tax rate for the North Dakota city referenced in this subdivision.
c. Except as provided in subdivision d, the enrolled membership of the tribe must be
certified to the state by September thirtieth of each year during the term of the
agreement. The enrolled membership of the tribe must consist of the number of
enrolled members of the tribe physically residing within the exterior boundaries of
the portion of the tribe's reservation located in this state. The enrolled
membership of the tribe must be based on the tribe's enrollment office records,
the bureau of Indian affairs enrollment records, or other records maintained by
the tribe. The previous year's certified enrollment number must be used if the
tribe does not issue a certification by September thirtieth, unless the tribe
demonstrates the certified enrollment number has increased or decreased.
d. The tribe or tribes shall provide the initial population required by subdivision c no
less than sixty days before the effective date of the agreement.
e. The manner in which the state and tribe resolve issues arising under this
subsection must be specified in the agreement.
11. The amount of alcoholic beverages gross receipts tax allocated to the tribe under an
agreement must be equal to an amount determined by multiplying the enrolled
membership of the tribe by the state alcohol revenue per capita.
a. The state alcohol revenue per capita is the monthly collections of the state's
alcoholic beverages gross receipts tax designated for deposit in the state general
fund divided by the state's total population as determined in the most recent
actual or estimated census data published by the United States census bureau.
b. The enrolled membership of the tribe must be certified to the state by September
thirtieth of each year during the term of the agreement. The enrolled membership
of the tribe must consist of the number of enrolled members of the tribe physically
residing within the exterior boundaries of the portion of the tribe's reservation
located in this state. The enrolled membership of the tribe must be based on the
tribe's enrollment office records, the bureau of Indian affairs enrollment records,
or other records maintained by the tribe. The previous year's certified enrollment
number must be used if the tribe does not issue a certification by September
thirtieth, unless the tribe demonstrates the certified enrollment number has
increased or decreased.
c. The tribe or tribes shall provide the initial population required by this subsection
no less than sixty days before the effective date of the agreement.

d. The manner in which the state and tribe resolve issues arising under this
subsection must be specified in the agreement.
12. An agreement under this chapter must give the tax commissioner, after consulting with
the governor, and a tribe or tribes the authority to terminate an agreement with or
without cause.
13. An agreement under this chapter must include:
a. A statement that the parties to the agreement are not forfeiting any legal rights to
apply their respective taxes by entering an agreement, except as specifically set
forth in the agreement;
b. A statement that a taxpayer may not be required to pay both the state tax and the
tribal tax but shall pay only one tax to one government in an amount established
by the agreement;
c. A statement that the state and the tribal government shall cooperate to collect
only one tax and share or refund the revenue as specified in the agreement;
d. A statement recognizing the sovereign rights of the state and the tribe or tribes;
and
e. A statement that:
(1) The rights of each party must be determined by the terms of the agreement
with respect to the taxes subject to the agreement;
(2) Neither party may seek additional entitlement or seek to deny entitlement on
any federal ground, including federal pre-emption, whether statutorily
provided for or otherwise with respect to the taxes that are the subject of an
agreement; and
(3) Both parties shall defend the agreement from attack by third parties.
14. a. Notwithstanding any other provision of state law, the agreement must contain
provisions in which:
(1) Except as otherwise provided by law, the tax commissioner shall maintain
the confidentiality of tax information relating to and gathered under the terms
of an agreement as provided in section 57-39.2-23;
(2) The tribe or tribes may receive a list of retailers located within the
boundaries of the reservation and the amount of tax collected from each
retailer during a reporting period; and
(3) The tribe or tribes agree to protect the confidentiality of tax information
received from the tax commissioner.
b. The agreement must specify the processes or procedures necessary to
safeguard the confidential nature of the tax information.
15. The administration, collection, and enforcement of the taxes under an agreement may
begin no sooner than the first day of a calendar quarter which is at least ninety days
after the agreement is signed by the parties.
16. Taxes imposed under chapters 11-09.1 and 40-05.1 are not subject to allocation under
an agreement entered under this chapter.
### § 57-39.9-03. Inapplicability of chapter 54-40.

2.
Chapter 54-40.2 does not apply to an agreement entered under this chapter.
### § 57-39.9-04. Revenue allocation and distribution - Refunds - Continuing appropriation.

The tax commissioner shall certify and transfer to the state treasurer for deposit in the tribal
allocation fund, a special fund created in the state treasury, tax revenues allocated to a tribe or
tribes under subsection 10 of section 57-39.9-02. Tax revenues collected under this chapter are
not subject to section 57-39.2-26.1, and are provided as a standing and continuing appropriation
to the state treasurer for distribution on a monthly basis.
### § 57-39.9-05. Refunds - Continuing appropriation.

1. Refunds of the tax imposed under chapters 57-39.2, 57-39.5, 57-39.6, and 57-40.2,
which are subject to an agreement under this chapter, must be paid from the state

general fund, and are provided to the state treasurer as a standing and continuing
appropriation.
2. Refunds of taxes paid under this section must be reimbursed to the state general fund,
with interest at the rate prescribed in section 57-39.2-25, from the first available
moneys deposited in the tribal allocation fund.
3. The tax commissioner shall determine the reservation of the tribe or tribes to which the
refund is attributable. The refund, including interest, must be reimbursed from the first
available moneys deposited in the tribal allocation fund on behalf of the tribe or tribes
to which the refund is attributable.
