# Title 61 — Waters

## Chapter 61-04 — Appropriation of Water

### § 61-04-01. Petitions, reports, surveys, and other documents filed with the commission.

Any petitions, applications, surveys, reports, orders, or other documents provided for in this
chapter must be filed with the commission in Bismarck, where they must be kept on file under
the control of the director of the department of water resources.
### § 61-04-01.1. Definitions.

In this chapter, unless the context or subject matter otherwise requires:
1. "Adjudicative proceeding" means an appeal under chapter 28-32 of a recommended
decision prepared by the director of the department of water resources for a water
permit application.
2. "Assignment" means the change of a water permit from one permitholder to another
permitholder.
3. "Beneficial use" means a use of water for a purpose consistent with the best interests
of the people of the state.
4. "Commission" means the state water commission.
5. "Conditional water permit" means a water permit that has not been perfected.
6. "Domestic use" means the use of water by at least one family unit or household
obtaining water from the same system for personal needs and for household
purposes, including heating, drinking, washing, sanitary, and culinary uses; irrigation of
land not exceeding five acres [2.0 hectares] in area for each family unit or household
for noncommercial gardens, orchards, lawns, trees, or shrubbery; and for household
pets and domestic animals kept for household sustenance and not for sale or
commercial use.
7. "Fish, wildlife, and other recreational uses" means the use of water for the purposes of
propagating and sustaining fish and wildlife resources and for the development and
maintenance of water areas necessary for outdoor recreation activities.
8. "Fossil byproduct water" means water obtained as a byproduct of extraction and
separation from oil, gas, and other hydrocarbons, from a formation that is both not a
potable aquifer at the extraction location and is situated below the deepest potable
aquifer by the practically impermeable layer.
9. "Industrial use" means the use of water for the furtherance of a commercial enterprise
wherever located, including manufacturing, mining, or processing.
10. "Irrigation use" means the use of water for application to more than five acres
[2.0 hectares] of land to stimulate the growth of agricultural crops, including gardens,
orchards, lawns, trees, or shrubbery, or the maintenance of recreation areas such as
athletic fields, golf courses, parks, and similar types of areas, except when the water
for the facility is provided by a municipal water system.
11. "Livestock use" means the use of water for drinking purposes by herds, flocks, or
bands of animals kept for commercial purposes.
12. "Municipal or public use" means the use of water by the state through its political
subdivisions, institutions, facilities, and properties, and the inhabitants thereof, or by
unincorporated communities, subdivision developments, rural water systems, and
other entities, whether supplied by the government or by a privately owned public
utility or other agency or entity, for primarily domestic purposes, as defined herein.
13. "Party of record" means a person who filed written comments by the date specified
under subsection 5 of section 61-04-05.
14. "Perfected water permit" means a water permit where the water appropriated under a
conditional water permit has been applied to a beneficial use and the department of
water resources has inspected the works to verify all conditions have been met.
15. "Permitholder" means the name of the entity holding a water permit.
16. "Point of diversion" means the tract of land where the waters of the state are
withdrawn or diverted.
17. "Priority date" means the date assigned to an application or water right.

18. "Public hearing" means an administrative proceeding, not an adjudicative proceeding,
which provides all interested persons an opportunity to present oral or written
comments on a water permit application.
19. "Rural water system" means a water supply system designed to serve regional needs.
20. "Water of the state" or "waters of the state" means those waters identified in section
61-01-01.
21. "Water right" means the right established under this title to appropriate or store waters
of the state.
### § 61-04-01.2. Beneficial use requirement.

A right to appropriate water can be acquired for beneficial use only as provided in this
chapter. Beneficial use shall be the basis, the measure, and the limit of the right to the use of
water.
### § 61-04-02. Permit for beneficial use of water required.

Any person, before commencing any construction for the purpose of appropriating waters of
the state or before taking waters of the state from any constructed works, shall first secure a
water permit from the department of water resources unless the construction or taking from the
constructed works is for domestic or livestock purposes or for fish, wildlife, and other
recreational uses or unless otherwise provided by law. However, immediately upon completing
any constructed works for domestic or livestock purposes or for fish, wildlife, and other
recreational uses, the water user shall notify the department of water resources of the location
and acre-feet [1233.48 cubic meters] capacity of the constructed works, dams, or dugouts.
Regardless of proposed use, all water users, except those reusing fossil byproduct water, shall
secure a water permit prior to constructing an impoundment capable of retaining more than
twelve and one-half acre-feet [15418.52 cubic meters] of water or the construction of a well from
which more than twelve and one-half acre-feet [15418.52 cubic meters] of water per year will be
appropriated. If a permit is not required of a landowner or the landowner's lessee to appropriate
less than twelve and one-half acre-feet [15418.52 cubic meters] of water from any source for
domestic or livestock purposes or for fish, wildlife, and other recreational uses, those
appropriators may apply for water permits to clearly establish a priority date, and the department
of water resources may waive any fee or hearing for the applications. An applicant for a water
permit to irrigate need not be the owner of the land to be irrigated.
### § 61-04-02.1. Emergency or temporary authorization.

The department of water resources may authorize emergency or temporary use of water for
periods not to exceed twelve months if the department determines the use will not be to the
detriment of existing rights. The department shall establish by rule a separate procedure for
processing applications for emergency or temporary use. Prescriptive and other rights to the
use of water may not be acquired by use of water as authorized in this section.
### § 61-04-02.2. Property interest required to hold a water permit.

A permitholder must have a legal interest in each point of diversion identified on the permit.
If the permitholder does not have a legal interest in each point of diversion, the department of
water resources shall assign the permit, or portion of the permit, as provided in this chapter to
the title owner.
A permitholder must have a legal interest in each irrigated tract of land identified on the
permit. If the permitholder does not have a legal interest in each irrigated tract of land, the
permitholder may transfer the approved acres to other land, as provided in this chapter.
### § 61-04-03. Water permit application - Contents - Information to accompany.

A permit application to make beneficial use of any waters of the state must be in the form
required by the rules established by the department of water resources. The rules must
prescribe the form and contents of, and the procedure for filing, the application. The application,
along with all other information filed with it, must be retained with the commission after approval

or disapproval of the application. The department of water resources may require additional
information not provided for in the general rules if the department deems the information
necessary.
### § 61-04-03.1. Limitation on amount of water.

An applicant may not apply for a permit or permits for irrigation which, if approved, would
enable a person, at any one time, to hold a conditional water permit or permits for more than
seven hundred twenty acre-feet [888106.75 cubic meters] of water from a single surface or
ground water source that has not been applied to beneficial use. Applications submitted in
violation of this section may not be assigned a priority date and must be returned to the
applicant by the department of water resources. This section may not apply to water permit
applications from the Missouri River or to applications submitted by irrigation districts organized
pursuant to this title. For the purposes of this section, "person", when applied to an individual,
means the individual and the individual's spouse and dependents within the meaning of the
Internal Revenue Code [26 U.S.C. 152].
### § 61-04-04. Filing and correction of application.

The date of receipt of the application provided for in section 61-04-03 in the commission
must be noted on the application. If the application is defective as to form, incomplete, or
otherwise unsatisfactory, it must be returned with a statement of the corrections, amendments,
or changes required, within thirty days after its receipt, and sixty days must be allowed for
refiling. If the application is corrected as required and is refiled within the time allowed, the
application, upon being accepted, must take priority as of the date of its original filing. Any
corrected application filed after the time allowed must be treated in all respects as an original
application received on the date of its refiling. The application may be amended by the applicant
at any time prior to the commencement of administrative action by the department of water
resources as provided in sections 61-04-05 through 61-04-06.3.
### § 61-04-04.1. Application fees.

The following fees must accompany a conditional water permit application and must be paid
by the department of water resources into the resources trust fund of the state treasury:
1. For municipal or public use $500
2. For irrigation use $500
3. For industrial use of one acre-foot [1233.48 cubic meters] or less $250
4. For industrial use in excess of one acre-foot [1233.48 cubic meters] $1,000
5. For recreation, livestock, or fish and wildlife $100
6. Water permit amendment $100
### § 61-04-04.2. Refund of water permit application fees.

The department of water resources may refund a water permit application fee, upon the
request of the applicant, if the application is withdrawn by the applicant, and:
1. The department has not published notice of the application; or
2. The department determines other good and sufficient cause exists to refund the
application fee.
### § 61-04-04.3. Rejection of applications.

If the department of water resources determines a conditional water permit application does
not meet this chapter's requirements or the rules in North Dakota Administrative Code article
89-03, the department shall reject the application and decline to order the publication of notice
of application.
### § 61-04-05. Notice of application - Contents - Proof - Failure to file satisfactory proof.

When an application is filed which complies with this chapter and the rules adopted under
this chapter, the department of water resources shall instruct the applicant to:

1. Give notice of the application by certified mail in the form prescribed by rule, to all
record title owners of real estate within a radius of one mile [1.61 kilometers] from the
location of the proposed water appropriation site, except:
a. If the one-mile [1.61-kilometer] radius extends within the geographical boundary
of a city, the notice must be given to the governing body of the city and no further
notice need be given to the record title owners of real estate within the
geographical boundary of the city.
b. If the one-mile [1.61-kilometer] radius includes land within the geographical
boundary of a rural subdivision where the lots are of ten acres [4.04 hectares] or
less, the notice must be given to the governing body of the township or other
governing authority for the rural subdivision and no further notice need be given
to the record title owners of real estate within the geographical boundary of the
rural subdivision.
c. If the one-mile [1.61-kilometer] radius includes a single tract of rural land which is
owned by more than ten individuals, the notice must be given to the governing
body of the township or other governing authority for that tract of land and no
further notice need be given to the record title owners of that tract.
2. Give notice of the application by certified mail in the form prescribed by rule to all
persons holding water permits for the appropriation of water from appropriation sites
located within a radius of one mile [1.61 kilometers] from the location of the proposed
water appropriation site. The department of water resources shall provide a list of all
persons who must be notified under this subsection to the applicant.
3. Give notice of the application by certified mail in the form prescribed by rule to all
municipal or public use permitholders within a twelve-mile [19.32-kilometer] radius of
the proposed water appropriation site. The department of water resources shall
provide a list of all municipal or public use permitholders that must be notified under
this subsection to the applicant.
4. Provide the department of water resources with an affidavit of notice by certified mail
within sixty days from the date of the department's instructions to provide notice. If the
applicant fails to file satisfactory proof of notice by certified mail within sixty days and
in compliance with the applicable rules, the department shall treat the application as
an original application filed on the date of receipt of the affidavit of notice by certified
mail in proper form. If a properly completed affidavit of notice is not submitted within
one hundred twenty days, the department shall consider the application withdrawn.
Upon receipt of a proper affidavit of notice by certified mail, the department shall
publish notice of the application, in a form prescribed by rule, in the official newspaper
of the county in which the proposed appropriation site is located, once a week for two
consecutive weeks.
5. The notice must give all essential facts as to the proposed appropriation, including the
places of appropriation and of use, amount of water, the use, the name and address of
the applicant, and the date by which written comments and requests for a public
hearing regarding the proposed appropriation must be filed with the department of
water resources. The notice also must state anyone who files written comments with
the department will be mailed the department's recommended decision on the
application. Persons filing written comments will become a party of record to the
application. The comment deadline is five p.m. on the first business day thirty days
after the first published notice in the official county newspaper as specified in
subsection 4.
6. The applicant shall pay all costs of the publication of notice.
### § 61-04-05.1. Comments - Hearing.

1. Comments regarding a proposed appropriation must be in writing and filed by the date
specified by the department of water resources under subsection 5 of section
### § 61-04-05. The comments must state the name and mailing address of the person filing

the comments. Comment letters submitted electronically must state the name and

mailing address of the person filing the comments, and must be signed by the
submitter to be considered valid and part of the official record.
2. A person filing written comments also may request a public hearing for the department
to obtain additional information to evaluate the application or to receive public input by
the date specified by the department of water resources under subsection 5 of section
### § 61-04-05. If a request for a public hearing is made and the department determines a

public hearing is necessary, the department shall designate a time and place for the
public hearing and notify the applicant and any person who filed written comments by
certified mail at least twenty days before the hearing.
3. If two or more municipal or public use permitholders request the public hearing to be
held locally, the department of water resources shall hold the hearing in the county
seat of the county in which the proposed water appropriation site is located.
4. The department of water resources shall consider all written comments received and
testimony presented at a public hearing, if held, and shall make a recommended
decision in writing. The recommended decision must be mailed to the applicant and
any party of record and may constitute:
a. Approval of all or a portion of the application, with the remainder held in abeyance
or denied;
b. Denial of the application; or
c. Deferral of the application.
5. Within thirty days of service of the recommended decision, the applicant and any party
of record who would be aggrieved by the decision may file additional written comments
with the department of water resources or request an adjudicative proceeding on the
application, or both. A request for an adjudicative proceeding must be made in writing
and must state with particularity how the person would be aggrieved by the decision
and the issues and facts to be presented at the proceeding. If a request for an
adjudicative proceeding is not made, the department shall consider the additional
comments, if any are submitted, and issue a final decision. If a request for an
adjudicative proceeding is made and the department determines an adjudicative
proceeding is necessary, the department shall designate a time and place for the
adjudicative proceeding and notify the applicant and any person who filed written
comments by certified mail at least twenty days before the hearing.
### § 61-04-06. Criteria for issuance of permit.

1. The department of water resources shall issue a permit if the department finds all of
the following:
a. The rights of a prior appropriator will not be unduly affected.
b. The proposed means of diversion or construction are adequate.
c. The proposed use of water is beneficial.
d. The proposed appropriation is in the public interest. In determining the public
interest, the department shall consider all of the following:
(1) The benefit to the applicant resulting from the proposed appropriation.
(2) The effect of the economic activity resulting from the proposed
appropriation.
(3) The effect on fish and game resources and public recreational opportunities.
(4) The effect of loss of alternate uses of water that might be made within a
reasonable time if not precluded or hindered by the proposed appropriation.
(5) Harm to other persons resulting from the proposed appropriation.
(6) The intent and ability of the applicant to complete the appropriation.
2. Subsection 1 of section 28-32-38 does not apply to water permit application
proceedings unless a request for an adjudicative proceeding is made. If an application
is approved, the department of water resources shall issue a conditional water permit
allowing the applicant to appropriate water. However, the commission, by resolution,
may reserve unto itself final approval authority over any specific water permit in excess
of five thousand acre-feet [6167409.19 cubic meters].

### § 61-04-06.1. Preference in granting permits.

When there are competing applications for water from the same source, and the source is
insufficient to supply all applicants, the department of water resources shall adhere to the
following order of priority:
1. Domestic use.
2. Municipal or public use.
3. Livestock use.
4. Irrigation use.
5. Industrial use.
6. Fish, wildlife, and other recreational uses.
### § 61-04-06.2. Terms of permit - Disposition of fees.

The department of water resources may issue a conditional water permit for less than the
amount of water requested. Except for water permits for incorporated municipalities or rural
water systems, the department may not issue a permit for more water than can be beneficially
used for the purposes stated in the application. Water permits for incorporated municipalities or
rural water systems may contain water in excess of present needs based upon what may
reasonably be necessary for the future water requirements of the municipality or the rural water
system. The department may require modification of the plans and specifications for the
appropriation. The department may issue a permit subject to fees for water use and conditions
the department considers necessary to protect the rights of others and the public interest. The
fees must be used by the department for planning, research, and administration required to
regulate the allocation and appropriation of the waters of the state. Conditions must be related
to matters within the department's jurisdiction. Fees collected under this section must be
deposited in the resources trust fund of the state treasury. All conditions attached to any permit
issued before July 1, 1975, are binding upon the permitholder.
### § 61-04-06.3. Priority.

Priority in time gives the superior water right. Priority of a water right acquired under this
chapter dates from the filing of an application with the department of water resources, except for
water applied to domestic or livestock purposes, or fish, wildlife, and other recreational uses in
which case the priority date must relate back to the date when the quantity of water in question
was first appropriated, unless otherwise provided by law.
Priority of appropriation does not include the right to prevent changes in the condition of
water occurrence, such as the increase or decrease of streamflow, or the lowering of a water
table, artesian pressure, or water level, by later appropriators, if the prior appropriator can
acquire reasonably the prior appropriator's water under the changed conditions.
### § 61-04-07. Rejection of applications - Appeal to district court.

Repealed by S.L. 2019, ch. 508, § 33.
### § 61-04-07.1. Approval of applications with conditions.

Repealed by S.L. 1977, ch. 569, § 27.
### § 61-04-07.2. Conditional water permit application denial.

If the department of water resources determines an application or any portion of an
application does not meet the criteria prescribed in section 61-04-06 for any reason other than
sufficient information or data is lacking to allow for sound decisionmaking of the impacts of the
proposed diversion on the prior appropriators, the resource, or the public interest, the
application or portion must be denied.
### § 61-04-07.3. Conditional water permit application deferral.

If the department of water resources determines an application or any portion of an
application does not meet the criteria prescribed in section 61-04-06 because sufficient
information or data is lacking to allow for sound decisionmaking of the impacts of the proposed

diversion on the prior appropriators, the resource, or the public interest, the conditional water
permit application must be placed in a deferred status. The applicant must be notified by mail
the application has been placed in deferred status.
### § 61-04-08. Prosecution of work - State engineer may approve another application upon

failure of original applicant to complete - Exception.
Repealed by S.L. 1965, ch. 447, § 24.
### § 61-04-09. Application to beneficial use - Inspection - Perfected water permit.

After the permit's beneficial use date, or upon notice from the permitholder that water has
been applied to a beneficial use, the department of water resources shall notify the conditional
water permitholder and inspect the works. The inspection must determine the safety, efficiency,
and actual capacity of the works. If the works are not constructed properly and safely, the
department may require the necessary changes to be made within a reasonable time. Failure to
make the changes within the time prescribed by the department will result in postponement of
the permit's priority date to the date the changes are made to the satisfaction of the department.
Any intervening application submitted before the date the changes are made will have the
benefit of the postponement of priority. When the works are constructed properly and safely and
inspected, the department shall issue the perfected water permit, setting forth the actual
capacity of the works and the limitations or conditions upon the water permit as stated in the
conditional water permit authorized by section 61-04-06.2. All conditions attached to any permit
issued before July 1, 1975, are binding upon the permitholder.
### § 61-04-10. Certificate of construction issued when works found in satisfactory

condition - Contents.
Repealed by S.L. 1965, ch. 447, § 24.
### § 61-04-11. Inspection of works.

If the department of water resources, in the course of the department's duties, finds any
works used for the storage, diversion, or carriage of water are unsafe and a menace to life or
property, the department shall notify the owner or the owner's agent, specifying the changes
necessary and allowing a reasonable time for putting the works in safe condition. Upon the
request of any party, accompanied by the estimated cost of inspection, the department shall
inspect any alleged unsafe works. If the works are found unsafe by the department, the money
deposited by the party must be refunded, and the fees for inspection must be paid by the owner
of the works. If the owner of the works does not pay the fees within thirty days after the decision
of the department, the fees must be a lien against any property of the owner, and the state's
attorney of the county shall initiate a suit to recover the fees from the owner at the request of the
department. The department may inspect any works under construction for the storage,
diversion, or carriage of water and may require any changes necessary to secure the safety of
the works. The fees for the inspection must be a lien on any property of the owner and must be
subject to collection as provided in this chapter but neither the United States nor the state of
North Dakota nor any government agency may be required to pay such fees.
### § 61-04-12. Use of unsafe works - Penalty.

Any person using works for the storage, diversion, or carriage of water after an inspection of
the works by the department of water resources and receipt of notice from the department that
the works are unsafe for the purpose for which the works are used and before the receipt of
notice from the department that the department deems the works to have been made safe, is
guilty of a class A misdemeanor.
### § 61-04-13. Application of water to beneficial use - Inspection.

Repealed by S.L. 1965, ch. 447, § 24.

### § 61-04-14. Extending time for application to beneficial use.

The department of water resources may extend the time for the application of water to the
beneficial use cited in the conditional water permit for good cause shown. When the time has
expired, the department may renew and extend the time upon application. However, a
conditional water permit, or any portion of the permit must be considered forfeited if no request
for renewal is received by the department within sixty days after the date the permitholder is
informed the period for applying water to the beneficial use cited in the conditional water permit
has expired. If a request to extend the time for application to beneficial use for any conditional
water permit, or portion of the permit, is denied, the conditional water permit, or portion of the
permit, must be considered forfeited. Sections 61-04-23 through 61-04-25 do not apply to this
section.
### § 61-04-15. Assignment of conditional or perfected water permit.

Any conditional or perfected water permit may be assigned only upon approval by the
department of water resources. Upon reasonable proof the assignment can be made without
detriment to existing rights, the department shall assign the water permit without losing priority
of any right previously established. The transfer of title to land in any manner must carry with it
all rights to the use of water for irrigation of the land, except any conditional or perfected water
permit for irrigation purposes must be assigned in accordance with this section.
### § 61-04-15.1. Change in point of diversion or use.

Repealed by S.L. 2019, ch. 508, § 33.
### § 61-04-15.2. Add a point of diversion.

A permitholder may add a point of diversion to a conditional or perfected permit without
affecting the priority date, if approved by the department of water resources. Applications to add
a point of diversion must be processed and evaluated in the same manner as a conditional
water permit application. The department may approve the additional point of diversion if the
proposed addition will not adversely affect the rights of other appropriators.
### § 61-04-15.3. Transfer of approved irrigated acreage.

A permitholder may transfer acres approved for irrigation on a conditional or perfected water
permit to any tract of land owned or leased by the permitholder without affecting the priority
date, if approved by the department of water resources. The department shall cause the water
permit involved to be simultaneously severed and transferred from the land.
### § 61-04-15.4. Change in purpose of use.

1. A permitholder may change the purpose of use of a conditional or perfected water
permit without affecting the priority date, if approved by the department of water
resources.
2. An application to change the purpose of use must be processed and evaluated in the
same manner as a conditional water permit application.
3. The department of water resources may approve the proposed change if the proposed
change will not adversely affect the rights of other appropriators and if a change in the
purpose of use is:
a. To a superior use under the order of priority in section 61-04-06.1; or
b. To livestock use or fish, wildlife, and recreation use for a reservoir authorizing no
withdrawal of water.
### § 61-04-16. Referee or referees appointed in water suits - Duties.

Repealed by S.L. 1977, ch. 569, § 27.
### § 61-04-17. Surplus water to be delivered to persons entitled to beneficial use - Charges

- Compelling delivery.
Repealed by S.L. 2019, ch. 508, § 33.

### § 61-04-18. Appropriation of water from minor stream for agricultural use.

Repealed by S.L. 1963, ch. 419, § 7.
### § 61-04-19. Filing of location certificate - Contents.

Repealed by S.L. 1963, ch. 419, § 7.
### § 61-04-20. Approval of state engineer - Rights of claimant - Procedure.

Repealed by S.L. 1963, ch. 419, § 7.
### § 61-04-21. Amount of water allowed.

Repealed by S.L. 1963, ch. 419, § 7.
### § 61-04-22. Prescriptive water right.

Repealed by S.L. 2019, ch. 508, § 33.
### § 61-04-23. Cancellation of water rights - Inspection of works.

Any appropriation of water must be for a beneficial use, and when the appropriator fails to
apply it to the beneficial use cited in the permit or ceases to use it for the beneficial use cited in
the permit for three successive years, unless the failure or cessation of use has been due to the
unavailability of water, a justifiable inability to complete the works, or other good and sufficient
cause, the department of water resources may cancel the water permit or right. For purposes of
this chapter, an incorporated municipality or rural water system has good and sufficient cause
excusing the failure to use a water permit, if the water permit reasonably may be necessary for
the future water requirements of the municipality or the rural water system. The department of
water resources, as often as necessary, shall examine the condition of all works constructed or
partially constructed within the state and compile information concerning the condition of every
water permit or right and all ditches and other works constructed or partially constructed under
the permit or right.
### § 61-04-24. Cancellation of water rights - Notice - Contents.

1. If it appears any water appropriation or portion of an appropriation has not been used
for a beneficial use, or having been so used at one time has ceased to be used for that
purpose for more than three successive years, unless the failure or cessation of use is
due to the unavailability of water, a justifiable inability to complete the works, or other
good and sufficient cause, the department of water resources shall give notice of
cancellation by certified mail to the permitholder and to the owners of land benefited by
the appropriation as indicated on the water permit.
2. The notice must contain:
a. A description of the water appropriation.
b. The permit number.
c. The date of priority.
d. All points of diversion.
e. A description of all land benefited by the appropriation as indicated on the water
permit.
f. Notification a notice of cancellation will be published in the county newspaper of
record indicating when written comments on the cancellation must be submitted
to the department for consideration.
3. The department shall publish a notice of cancellation in the official newspaper of the
counties in which each point of diversion is located once each week for
two consecutive weeks. The notice of cancellation must include the name and address
of the permitholder, a description of the water appropriation, the permit number, the
priority date, the location of all points of diversion, and a description of all land
benefited by the appropriation as indicated on the water permit. The notice must state
a person that files written comments with the department will be mailed the
department's final decision on cancellation.

4. The department shall pay the notice of cancellation publication costs.
### § 61-04-24.1. Cancellation of water rights - Comments.

Comments regarding the proposed cancellation must be in writing and filed by the date
specified by the department. The comments must state the name and mailing address of the
person filing the comments. Comment letters submitted electronically must state the name and
mailing address of the person filing the comments, and must be signed by the submitter to be
considered valid and part of the official record.
### § 61-04-25. Cancellation of water rights - Appeal.

If no comments are submitted by the date specified by the department, the water permit or
portion of the water permit must be canceled. If comments are received, the department shall
consider all written comments and issue a final decision. The final decision must be mailed to
the permitholder, to the owners of land benefited by the appropriation as indicated on the water
permit, and any person that submitted written comments by the date specified by the
department. If the final decision is to cancel the water permit or any portion of the water permit,
the order canceling the water permit or any portion of the water permit must be sent to the
permitholder with the final decision. An appeal may be taken from the decision of the
department in accordance with chapter 28-32.
### § 61-04-26. Recorder to record water permit or order affecting water right.

A water permit may be recorded as any other instrument affecting the title to real property
without acknowledgment or further proof. The order canceling a water right or portion of a water
right must be filed by the department of water resources with the county recorder where the
affected land is located and recorded as any other instrument affecting the title to real property
without acknowledgment or further proof. Any document filed under this section must be listed in
the index of the property affected as provided in section 11-18-07.
### § 61-04-27. Information filed with department of water resources - Installation of

measuring devices.
By March thirty-first of each year, permitholders shall file with the department of water
resources, on forms supplied by the department, water use and other information as the
department requires. The department also may require permitholders to install measuring
devices conforming to the department's specifications, at all points specified by the department.
### § 61-04-28. Correction of application or water right by department of water resources.

Upon proof satisfactory to the department of water resources that a water permit application
or water permit contains a nonmaterial error, the department, by written notice to the holder of
the affected water permit or application, may correct the error without publication of notice.
### § 61-04-29. Enforcement.

The department of water resources has full power and authority to institute, maintain, and
prosecute to determination in an administrative proceeding or any of the courts of this state, or
in any of the federal courts, any and all actions, suits, and special proceedings that may be
necessary to enjoin unauthorized use of water, enforce an order of the department or the
commission, or otherwise administer the provisions of this chapter. Notwithstanding any other
provision of law, the department of water resources may issue administrative orders requiring
the immediate cessation of water use when the department has a reasonable belief the use is
unauthorized or continued use will damage the rights of prior appropriators.
### § 61-04-30. Penalty.

A person who constructs works for an appropriation, or diverts, impounds, withdraws, or
uses a significant amount of water from any source without a permit specifically authorizing
such action, except as otherwise provided in section 61-04-02; who violates an order of the
department of water resources; who fails or refuses to install meters, gauges, or other

measuring devices or to control works; who violates an order establishing corrective controls for
an area or for a source of water; who violates the terms of the permit; or who knowingly makes
a false or misleading statement in a declaration of existing rights is guilty of a class A
misdemeanor. As used in this section, "significant amount of water" means any amount of water
in excess of that allowed in a valid water permit, or any amount of water in excess of the needs
for domestic and livestock purposes where no permit has been issued. The department of water
resources shall inform the tax commissioner of violations of industrial use permits.
### § 61-04-31. Reservation of waters - Public hearing - Notice.

1. Whenever it appears necessary to the department of water resources, or when
directed by the commission, the department may reserve and set aside waters by
regulation for beneficial use in the future.
a. Before the adoption of a regulation under this section, the department shall
conduct a public hearing in each county where waters relating to the regulation
are located. At least seven days before the date set for the public hearing, a
notice must be published in the official county newspapers within each of the
counties.
b. Regulations adopted hereunder are subject to chapter 28-32.
2. When sufficient information or data is lacking to allow for sound decisionmaking on a
water permit application, the department of water resources may withdraw various
waters of the state from additional appropriations until sufficient data or information is
available. Water permit applications pending from these sources will be placed in a
deferred status.
### § 61-04-32. Damages for illegal diminishment of water supply.

If a court of competent jurisdiction determines that a water supply has been illegally
diminished in quantity or quality and that a valid water right to use that supply has been
damaged as a result of the diminishment, damages awarded to the owner of the water right
shall be an amount to cover the cost of making such repairs, alterations, or construction that will
ensure the delivery to the surface owner of that quality and quantity of water available to the
surface owner prior to the diminishment.
### § 61-04-33. Water storage contracts.

A federal agency that enters into discussions with an entity relating to a water storage
contract from a reservoir partially or wholly located within the state shall provide the department
of water resources with a sixty-day notice once the discussions begin. Communications
regarding a water storage contract must be copied to the department of water resources. The
department of water resources must be provided with an executed copy of a water storage
contract.
