# Title 12 — Corrections, Parole, and Probation

## Chapter 12-44.1 — Jails and Regional Correction Centers

### § 12-44.1-01. Definitions.

As used in this chapter:
1. "Administrator" means the sheriff, chief of police, administrator, superintendent,
director, or other individual serving as the chief executive officer of a correctional
facility.
2. "Adult lockup" means a secure temporary-hold nonresidential facility that does not hold
individuals overnight and includes a facility with cuffing rails or cuffing benches.
3. "Correctional facility" means a city or county jail or detention center, regional
corrections center, or juvenile detention center for the detention or confinement of
persons in accordance with law. The use of the term does not imply and may not be
used to require the provision of services including treatment, counseling, career and
technical education, or other educational services, except as may otherwise be
required or provided for under this chapter.
4. "Correctional facility staff" means correctional personnel with titles such as jailer,
deputy, counselor, correctional officer, or any other title, whose duties include the
ongoing supervision of inmates in a correctional facility.
5. "Court holding facility" means a secure facility, other than an adult correctional facility
or adult lockup, used to temporarily detain individuals before or after a detention
hearing or other court proceedings, and is not used to detain individuals overnight.
6. "Individual justice planning" means a process to identify, accommodate, and develop
appropriate consequences for behaviors caused by or related to an individual's mental
or cognitive impairment.
7. "Inmate" means any individual, whether sentenced or unsentenced, who is detained or
confined in a correctional facility. The term does not include an individual who is under
the supervision of the correctional facility and is supervised under home detention,
electronic monitoring, or a similar program that does not involve physical detention or
confinement in the facility.
8. "Jail" means a correctional facility, including a county or city jail or a regional
corrections center.
9. "Juvenile detention center" means a publicly maintained correctional facility for the
detention of juveniles. The term does not include the North Dakota youth correctional
center.
10. "Regional corrections center" means a correctional facility established and maintained
by more than one county or city, or a combination of counties and cities, for the
confinement of inmates.
11. "Trained correctional facility staff" means correctional personnel who have completed
a course of training approved by the peace officer standards and training board.
### § 12-44.1-02. Establishing correctional facilities - Correctional facility contracts -

Regional corrections centers.
1. For the confinement of lawfully committed persons, the governing body of a county or
city shall:
a. Establish and maintain a correctional facility at county or city expense;
b. Contract for correctional facility services and use of correctional facilities with
another county or city that maintains a correctional facility or with the state or
federal government; or
c. Establish and maintain, pursuant to chapter 54-40 or 54-40.3 and this chapter, a
correctional facility in conjunction with other counties and cities.
2. Subject to the requirements of section 12-44.1-31, the governing body of a correctional
facility may contract with a state or a regional correctional center, county, or city of
another state for the confinement of lawfully committed state, county, or city inmates
from the other state.

3. The governing body of a correctional facility may contract with a state or a regional
correctional center, county, or city of another state for the confinement of lawfully
committed North Dakota inmates in a county, city, or regional correctional facility of
another state.
4. The governing body of a correctional facility may contract with another correctional
facility in this state for correctional services for purposes of safety, security, health and
medical reasons, or for correctional facility administration.
5. The governing body of a correctional facility may contract for the confinement of
inmates lawfully sentenced by a tribal court.
6. The governing body of a correctional facility may contract for correctional facility
services with a privately operated correctional facility. Contracts with private agencies
that provide correctional facility services may be entered into for up to seven years.
### § 12-44.1-03. Safety and sanitation.

1. Each correctional facility shall comply with state and local fire, sanitation, safety, and
health codes.
2. The administrator of a correctional facility, to ensure adequate fire protection, shall
install firefighting equipment at appropriate locations throughout the correctional
facility.
3. Each correctional facility shall have a smoke detection system approved by the state
fire marshal and tested on a regular basis.
4. Designated exits must permit prompt evacuation of inmates and correctional facility
staff in an emergency.
### § 12-44.1-04. Administration - Organization - Management.

The administrator of each correctional facility shall:
1. Formulate an operations manual, available to all correctional facility staff, which
delineates the written policies and procedures for operating and maintaining the
correctional facility.
2. Review and update all policies and procedures in the operations manual at least
annually.
3. Specify an administrator in the operations manual to whom all correctional facility staff
are responsible. The operations manual shall include the administrator's duties,
responsibilities, and authority for the management of the correctional facility staff,
inmates, programs, and physical plant.
4. Ensure that correctional facility staff who work in direct and continuing contact with
inmates receive correctional facility training as determined and approved by the peace
officer standards and training board.
### § 12-44.1-05. Meal payments.

An administrator or correctional facility staff member receiving lump sum monthly payments
for providing inmate meals shall submit an itemized account of the meal expenses to the
governing body of the correctional facility. Any amount of the monthly payment in excess of the
itemized account shall be returned to the general operating fund or be given as salary to the
person providing the meals, as determined by the governing body of the correctional facility.
### § 12-44.1-06. Grades of correctional facilities.

1. The department of corrections and rehabilitation shall, following inspection pursuant to
section 12-44.1-24, grade correctional facilities as to length of allowable inmate
confinement based upon construction, size, and usage, as follows:
a. "Grade one" means a correctional facility for confining inmates not more than one
year.
b. "Grade two" means a correctional facility for confining inmates not more than
ninety days.

c. "Grade three" means a correctional facility for confining inmates not more than
ninety-six hours.
d. "Grade four" means an adult lockup or court holding facility in which individuals
may not be detained overnight.
2. The length of confinement of a prisoner may be temporarily increased on a
case-by-case basis in grade one and grade two correctional facilities upon the request
of the administrator and the approval of the department of corrections and
rehabilitation.
### § 12-44.1-06.1. Correctional facilities standards.

Grade two and grade three correctional facilities do not need to provide outdoor recreation
areas or exercise rooms separate from dayrooms. Correctional facilities may allow contact
visitation subject to the safety, security, and administration requirements of the correctional
facility.
### § 12-44.1-06.2. Female inmates in grade one correctional facilities.

Expired under S.L. 2003, ch. 666, § 11.
### § 12-44.1-06.3. Female inmates in grade one correctional facilities.

Expired under S.L. 2005, ch. 43, § 13.
### § 12-44.1-07. Who may be confined in correctional facilities.

The following persons may be confined in a correctional facility:
1. Persons charged with offenses or ordered by a court to be detained for trial.
2. Persons committed by a court to confinement in order to secure their attendance as
witnesses at the trial of any criminal cause.
3. Persons sentenced to imprisonment upon conviction of an offense and any other
person committed or detained as authorized by law.
### § 12-44.1-07.1. Management of inmate population.

1. The governing body of a correctional facility, in cooperation with law enforcement,
state's attorneys, and the judiciary in the judicial district in which the correctional facility
is located, shall develop an inmate population plan to prioritize admissions and inmate
retention based on the correctional facility's authorized budget.
2. The inmate population plan must take into consideration:
a. The governing body's authorized budget;
b. The inmate's offense;
c. Whether the inmate has been charged, adjudicated, or sentenced;
d. Whether the inmate presents a risk of flight or is a danger to others or self;
e. The inmate's medical needs and mental and behavioral health needs; and
f. Whether the inmate is subject to mandatory incarceration.
3. The inmate population plan must include alternatives to physical custody of individuals
under charge or conviction of an offense. Potential alternatives to physical custody
include:
a. Placement in a community setting;
b. Work release;
c. Home detention;
d. Electronic home detention;
e. Global positioning system monitoring;
f. Medical, psychiatric, and drug and alcohol treatment;
g. Employment;
h. Pretrial risk assessment;
i. Pretrial supervision; and
j. Participation in the individual justice planning process.

4. This section does not apply when there are exigent circumstances that affect a
correctional facility's operations and inmate population, including acts of God and
mass arrests.
5. The department of corrections and rehabilitation shall provide technical assistance
relating to the implementation of this section to the governing body of a correctional
facility upon request from the governing body.
### § 12-44.1-08. Confinement of state and federal inmates.

1. Grade one correctional facilities may contract for the confinement of offenders in the
custody of the department of corrections and rehabilitation if sufficient room is not
available at the penitentiary, for purposes of safety, security, discipline, medical care,
or when the department of corrections and rehabilitation determines it may be in the
best interests of the offender or the department of corrections and rehabilitation.
2. A correctional facility to which a person is sent or committed by legal process issued
by or under the authority of the United States shall receive such person into custody
for safe detention until discharged under federal law.
3. A correctional facility detaining or confining federal inmates is entitled to compensation
in accordance with fee schedules established by the United States.
4. A grade one or grade two correctional facility may be used for the detention of a
fugitive from justice in accordance with any act of Congress or the laws of another
state. The correctional facility is entitled to reasonable compensation from the officer or
jurisdiction regaining custody of the fugitive.
### § 12-44.1-09. Housing of inmates.

Each correctional facility shall adopt a classification system for inmates to provide for the
security, safety, and order of the correctional facility and for the safety and security of the
community. If the correctional facility has adopted a classification system approved by the
department of corrections and rehabilitation, the correctional facility is not required to comply
with subsections 3, 4, and 5. In grade one and grade two correctional facilities and, where
practicable, in grade three correctional facilities, the following groups of inmates must be
housed separately from each other:
1. Female inmates from male inmates.
2. Juveniles from adults, except that an adult held under a delinquency proceeding may
be held with juveniles and a juvenile transferred or waived to adult court on a felony
criminal offense may be housed with adults in a jail or regional correctional facility.
3. Persons detained for hearing or trial from inmates under sentence of imprisonment,
unless authorized to be housed together by the administrator for security, order, or
rehabilitation.
4. Persons detained for hearing or trial or under sentence of imprisonment from persons
otherwise detained by order of the court, unless authorized to be housed together by
the administrator for security, order, or rehabilitation.
5. Inmates who may have special needs as determined by the correctional facility or
whose behavior may present a serious threat to the safety or security of the
correctional facility, the staff, the inmate, or other inmates.
### § 12-44.1-09.1. Restrooms and shower rooms exclusively for males or exclusively for

females.
1. In a correctional facility, a restroom or shower room accessible by multiple inmates at
the same time must be designated for use exclusively for males or exclusively for
females.
2. In a correctional facility, a restroom or shower room designated for one sex may be
used only by members of that sex.
3. An administrator or correctional facility staff member shall provide a reasonable
accommodation for an inmate, including a transgender or gender-nonconforming
inmate, as deemed appropriate by the administrator.

### § 12-44.1-10. Detained witnesses and pretrial detainees.

Detained witnesses and persons held in custody awaiting arraignment or trial may not be
restricted in their activities to any extent greater than required to maintain order and security and
to assure appearance at arraignment or trial. Witnesses and pretrial detainees shall not be
required to do labor other than keeping their living areas clean nor shall they be required to
participate in correctional facility programs.
### § 12-44.1-11. Commitment papers - Copies - Endorsement.

When an inmate is confined by virtue of any process directed to the administrator and the
process requires a return to the court from which it was issued, the administrator shall keep a
copy of the process with the return made thereon. The copy, certified by the administrator, is
prima facie evidence of the administrator's right to retain the inmate in custody. All instruments
or copies by which an inmate is committed or released shall be endorsed and filed by the
administrator. The file and its contents shall be delivered to the administrator's successor.
### § 12-44.1-12. Inmate personal property.

A written, itemized inventory of all personal property taken from an inmate at the time of
admission shall be made by correctional facility staff. The property, including money and other
valuables, shall be secured and the inmate given a receipt for all property to be held until the
inmate's release unless the inmate requests a different disposition in writing. Upon release, the
items of inmate personal property shall be compared with the inventory list, and the inmate shall
sign a receipt for the property's return. If the inmate is released for transfer to another
correctional facility, the correctional officer transporting the inmate shall sign the receipt. The
releasing correctional facility shall maintain a copy of the property receipt for its files.
### § 12-44.1-12.1. Establishment of inmate accounts - Withholding funds for inmate

financial obligations - Health care costs - Payment of funds to inmate upon release.
1. The correctional facility administrator shall establish an inmate account for each
inmate. The correctional facility administrator may withdraw funds from an inmate's
account to meet the inmate's legitimate financial obligations, including child support
and restitution and for the inmate's medical, dental, and eye care costs, and establish
an administrative procedure for an inmate to appeal the withdrawal of the funds.
2. The correctional facility administrator shall pay an inmate all funds in the inmate's
account when the inmate is discharged from the correctional facility or when the
inmate is transferred to another correctional facility, less the inmate's outstanding
obligations to the correctional facility.
3. This section does not limit or alter the provisions of chapter 14-09 relating to income
withholding orders for child support.
### § 12-44.1-13. Supervision of inmates.

1. Inmates shall be supervised on a twenty-four-hour basis by trained correctional facility
staff.
2. Correctional facility staff shall be located in proximity to inmate living areas to permit
the staff to hear and respond promptly to calls for help.
3. Each correctional facility shall provide for the personal observation of inmates on an
irregular but frequent schedule.
4. Each correctional facility shall maintain sufficient law enforcement officers with
correctional training or trained correctional facility staff to perform all functions relating
to the intake and booking, security, control, custody, and supervision of inmates.
5. A correctional facility female staff member shall be available at all times when a female
inmate is confined in the correctional facility.
6. Inmates shall be prohibited from supervising, controlling, or exerting any authority over
other inmates.
7. The correctional facility shall maintain a daily written record of information concerning
inmates.

### § 12-44.1-14. Inmate rights.

1. Subject to reasonable safety, security, discipline, and correctional facility administration
requirements, the administrator of each correctional facility shall:
a. Ensure inmates have confidential access to attorneys and their authorized
representatives.
b. Ensure that inmates are not subjected to discrimination based on race, national
origin, color, creed, sex, economic status, or political belief.
c. Ensure equal access by male and female inmates to programs and services
available through the correctional facility.
d. Ensure access to mail, telephone use, and visitors.
e. Ensure that inmates are properly fed, clothed, and housed.
f. Ensure that inmates have adequate medical care. Adequate medical care means
necessary treatment for a medical or health condition for which serious pain or
hardship would occur if care is not given. A correctional facility may not deny
adequate medical care to an inmate who does not have health insurance or does
not have the ability to pay the costs of the medical or health care.
g. Ensure that inmates may reasonably exercise their religious beliefs.
2. Correctional facility staff or an administrator of a correctional facility may not:
a. Substantially burden the exercise of religion by an offender in the custody of the
correctional facility unless the burden is in furtherance of a compelling
governmental interest and is the least restrictive means of furthering that
compelling governmental interest;
b. Treat religious conduct more restrictively than any comparable secular conduct
unless the correctional facility demonstrates the disparate treatment is necessary
to further a compelling penological interest and is the least restrictive means of
furthering that compelling penological interest; or
c. Deny clergy access to an offender in the custody of the correctional facility for the
purpose of providing religious services unless the correctional facility
demonstrates the denial is necessary to further a compelling penological interest
and is the least restrictive means of furthering that compelling penological
interest.
3. An offender in the custody of a correctional facility claiming to be aggrieved by a
violation of subsection 2 may assert, after exhausting appropriate administrative
remedies, that violation as a claim or defense in a judicial proceeding and, if the
offender is the prevailing party, may obtain appropriate relief, including costs and
reasonable attorney's fees.
### § 12-44.1-15. Searches.

Searches of inmates may only be conducted:
1. Without undue or unnecessary force or indignity to the person searched.
2. When reasonably necessary to control contraband in the institution or to recover
missing or stolen property.
### § 12-44.1-16. Annoyance of inmate prohibited - Penalty.

Repealed by S.L. 1997, ch. 113, § 29.
### § 12-44.1-17. Inmate educational and counseling programs.

A correctional facility may utilize the resources of the community to provide inmates with
available educational, career and technical education, counseling, and work release
opportunities. A correctional facility may, if possible, and subject to reasonable safety, security,
discipline, and correctional facility administration requirements, provide opportunities for access
to available religious, mental health, alcoholism, and addiction counseling by inmates desirous
of such counseling.

### § 12-44.1-17.1. Correctional facility grant committee - Correctional facility grant

program - Report.
1. The department of corrections and rehabilitation shall establish a correctional facility
grant committee consisting of two members appointed by the director of the
department of corrections and rehabilitation, two members appointed by the North
Dakota association of counties, the commissioner of recovery and re-entry, and the
director of the behavioral health division of the department of health and human
services. The director of the department of corrections and rehabilitation shall choose
one member to serve as chairman. The committee shall:
a. Establish criteria for the evaluation of existing re-entry programs, including
educational and counseling programs used by existing re-entry programs;
b. Establish criteria for the evaluation of grant applications;
c. Establish policies for screening and implementing grants under this section;
d. Establish criteria and policies for evaluating programs funded under this section;
e. Establish criteria and policies necessary for the successful administration and
management of the grant program;
f. Administer grants to county, regional, or tribal correctional facilities; and
g. Provide annual reports to the department of corrections and rehabilitation
regarding the status of the correctional facility grant program.
2. The correctional facility grant committee shall administer a grant program to expand
access to evidence-based programming in county, regional, and tribal correctional
facilities.
3. Grants awarded under this section must prioritize county, regional, or tribal correctional
facilities with no existing re-entry, educational, counseling, or other evidence-based
programs. Grants may be awarded to support access to culturally responsive
treatment alternative programs.
### § 12-44.1-18. Inmate work programs.

A correctional facility may maintain a written inmate work assignment plan that provides for
inmate employment, subject to the number of work opportunities available and the maintenance
of reasonable safety, security, discipline, and correctional facility administration requirements.
The inmate work plan may provide for inmate employment in correctional facility maintenance
and operation, in public works projects, or in community service projects.
### § 12-44.1-18.1. Inmate work release program.

A correctional facility may provide for a work release program for inmates unless the court
has ordered that an inmate may not receive work release. Work release projects may include
public service and community service projects, and may utilize any particular skill or trade of
participating inmates. The correctional facility shall take measures to maintain correctional
facility security and safety and to protect the safety of the public.
### § 12-44.1-18.2. Work release program - Room and board costs to be paid by inmate.

Any inmate who participates in a work release program shall pay the correctional facility for
the room and board costs incurred by the inmate while confined in the correctional facility,
residential halfway house, or similar alternative facility. The administrator shall determine the
amount of meal and lodging costs to be paid by the inmate. The amount to be paid by the
inmate while confined in a correctional facility may not exceed twenty dollars per day or the
funds earned by the inmate, whichever is less. The amount to be paid by the inmate while
placed in a residential halfway house or similar alternative facility may not exceed the actual
cost per day or the funds earned by the inmate, whichever is less.
### § 12-44.1-19. Removal of inmate in emergency not an escape.

If a correctional facility or any adjoining building shall be on fire or another emergency
occurs, and the inmates may be exposed to danger, the correctional facility staff shall remove

the inmates to a place of safety, and there confine them as long as necessary to avoid the
danger. The removal and confinement shall not be deemed an escape of such inmates.
### § 12-44.1-20. Punishment of inmate.

A correctional facility shall adopt rules for safety, security, discipline, and correctional facility
administration. If an inmate violates any of the rules of a correctional facility, the correctional
facility may impose disciplinary sanctions in accordance with its rules.
### § 12-44.1-21. Prohibited acts.

1. It is unlawful for a person to willfully:
a. Manufacture, or possess with intent to manufacture, a controlled substance in a
correctional facility.
b. Deliver, or possess with intent to deliver, a controlled substance in a correctional
facility. This subsection does not apply to the possession or delivery of controlled
substances in accordance with the orders or prescription of a licensed physician
and the approval, except in emergency circumstances, of the correctional facility
administrator.
c. A person who violates this subsection is guilty of a class A felony.
2. It is unlawful for an inmate detained in a correctional facility to possess any controlled
substance except in accordance with the prescription or orders of a licensed physician,
and the approval, except in emergency circumstances, of the correctional facility
administrator. It is unlawful for an inmate in a correctional facility to possess alcohol or
alcoholic beverages. If a correctional facility has adopted a rule banning the
possession of tobacco in a correctional facility, it is unlawful for an inmate in a
correctional facility to possess any tobacco except when the correctional facility
administrator has authorized possession of tobacco for religious purposes or when on
an authorized release from the correctional facility. An inmate who violates this
subsection with respect to:
a. Possession of a controlled substance is guilty of a class B felony.
b. Possession of alcohol or alcoholic beverages is guilty of a class A misdemeanor.
c. Possession of tobacco is guilty of a class B misdemeanor.
3. It is unlawful for a person to willfully deliver alcohol or alcoholic beverages to an
inmate in a correctional facility. It is unlawful for a person to willfully deliver tobacco to
an inmate in a correctional facility that has adopted a rule banning the possession of
tobacco except when the correctional facility administrator has authorized possession
of tobacco for religious purposes or when the inmate is on an authorized release from
the correctional facility. A person who violates this subsection by:
a. Delivery of alcohol or alcoholic beverages to an inmate in a correctional facility is
guilty of a class A misdemeanor.
b. Delivery of tobacco to an inmate in a correctional facility is guilty of a class B
misdemeanor.
4. It is unlawful for a person who is not an inmate to willfully possess a controlled
substance in a correctional facility except in accordance with the orders or prescription
of a licensed physician. A person who violates this subsection is guilty of a class B
felony.
5. It is unlawful for an inmate in a correctional facility to willfully procure, make, or
possess an object, including a shard made of any material or a weapon, firearm,
ammunition, or explosive material, intended to be used for an assault on another
person or to damage property. An inmate in a correctional facility who violates this
subsection with respect to:
a. A shard or weapon that is not a dangerous weapon or firearm as defined in
section 62.1-01-01 is guilty of a class B felony.
b. Ammunition, a knife of any length, a weapon that is a dangerous weapon or
firearm as defined in section 62.1-01-01, or explosive material is guilty of a
class A felony.

6. It is unlawful for a person to deliver or provide to an inmate in a correctional facility an
object intended to be used for an assault on another person or to damage property. A
person who violates this subsection with respect to:
a. A shard or weapon that is not a dangerous weapon or firearm as defined in
section 62.1-01-01 is guilty of a class B felony.
b. Ammunition, a knife of any length, a weapon that is a dangerous weapon or
firearm as defined in section 62.1-01-01, or is an explosive or destructive device
is guilty of a class A felony.
7. As used in this section, "controlled substance" is as defined in section 19-03.1-01 and
includes counterfeit substances as defined in section 19-03.1-01. As used in this
section, "willfully" is as defined in section 12.1-02-02. As used in this section, "alcohol"
and "alcoholic beverage" are as defined in section 5-01-01. As used in this section,
"tobacco" means any form of tobacco, including cigarettes, cigars, snuff, or tobacco in
any form in which it may be used for smoking or chewing. As used in this section, a
wireless electronic communication device includes a cellular telephone, personal
digital assistant, pager, mobile broadband card, internet router, digital camera,
two-way radio, modem, or any other electronic device capable of wireless
transmission, reception, interception, or storage of oral communications, text,
electronic mail, video or photograph images, data signals, or radio communications,
and also includes a component of a wireless electronic device, regardless whether the
component itself is able to transmit, store, or receive oral communications, text,
electronic mail, video or photograph images, data signals, or radio communications. A
wireless electronic communications device does not include a medically prescribed
device or any other device approved by the department.
8. a. It is unlawful for an inmate in a correctional facility to willfully manufacture,
possess, or use a wireless electronic communication device in a correctional
facility except for law enforcement purposes.
b. It is unlawful for any person to willfully deliver, or possess with intent to deliver, a
wireless electronic communication device to an inmate in a correctional facility or
to any person for redelivery to an inmate in a correctional facility, or to allow an
inmate to possess or use a wireless electronic communication device in a
correctional facility except for law enforcement purposes.
c. A violation of this subsection is a class C felony.
### § 12-44.1-22. Correctional facility register - Contents.

Each administrator is responsible for a correctional facility register in which must be entered
such inmate information on such forms as the department of corrections and rehabilitation shall
prescribe by rule.
### § 12-44.1-23. Jail report.

Repealed by S.L. 1997, ch. 113, § 29.
### § 12-44.1-24. Correctional facility standards - Inspections.

The department of corrections and rehabilitation shall:
1. Prescribe rules establishing minimum standards for the construction, operation, and
maintenance of public or private correctional facilities.
2. Prescribe rules for the care and treatment of inmates.
3. Cause rules and regulations to be made available to inmates or be posted in at least
one conspicuous place in each correctional facility.
4. Appoint a correctional facility inspector qualified by special experience, education, or
training to inspect each correctional facility at least once each year to determine if the
rules and regulations have been complied with. Inspection must include health and
safety, fire and life safety, security, rehabilitation programs, recreation, treatment of
persons confined, and personnel training.

### § 12-44.1-25. Inspection report - Notice of noncompliance - Hearing.

1. The correctional facility inspector shall submit a written inspection report to the
administrator of the correctional facility and the director of the department of
corrections and rehabilitation within thirty days following each inspection.
2. The inspection report must specify when a correctional facility complies with, or is in
violation of, required minimum standards, applicable state or federal law, or the
department of corrections and rehabilitation rules for correctional facilities. If a
correctional facility is in violation of any required minimum standards, applicable state
or federal law, or department of corrections and rehabilitation rules for correctional
facilities, the director of the department of corrections and rehabilitation may issue an
order of noncompliance. The director shall identify the violation and required corrective
measures in the order of noncompliance and specify the time limits within which the
correctional facility shall correct the violations. The director shall consider the
magnitude or seriousness of the violations and their potential effects on the health and
safety of inmates, staff, law enforcement, and the public, the cost of correction, and
other information the director considers relevant in establishing the time period for the
correctional facility to correct the violations. If the director determines that the
violations are limited and minor, the director may issue a letter of noncompliance to the
correctional facility and identify the violations and required corrective measures and
the correctional facility shall immediately correct the violations.
3. The director of the department of corrections and rehabilitation may assess the
department's actual costs for inspection and monitoring the correctional facility upon
issue of an order of noncompliance to the correctional facility.
4. If a correctional facility fails to complete required corrective action within the time
specified in the order of noncompliance, the director of the department of corrections
and rehabilitation may issue an order for full, partial, or temporary closure of the
correctional facility. If the director determines that the extent of the noncompliance
presents a danger to the health and safety of inmates, staff, law enforcement, visitors,
or the public, the director may issue an order of immediate full, partial, or temporary
closure without a prior order of noncompliance.
5. Within thirty days after receipt of a notice or order of full, partial, or temporary closure,
the administrator of a correctional facility may request a review of the determination by
the department of corrections and rehabilitation pursuant to chapter 28-32. The review
must be heard not more than forty-five days following the request, unless the period is
extended at the request of the correctional facility. The department of corrections and
rehabilitation may direct the correctional facility to pay to the department the
reasonable and actual costs incurred by the department for any investigation and
proceedings under this section.
### § 12-44.1-26. Correctional facility variances.

1. A correctional facility shall comply with the requirements of the rules adopted by the
department of corrections and rehabilitation unless a variance has been granted by the
department of corrections and rehabilitation. Any request for a variance must be in
writing and must cite the rule in question, the reasons for requesting the variance, the
period of time for the variance, and an explanation of how the policy of the rule will be
served without strict compliance with the rule.
2. The department of corrections and rehabilitation may grant a variance if it is
determined that:
a. Compliance with the rule would cause extreme hardship as a result of
circumstances which are unique to the correctional facility.
b. The correctional facility will substantially comply with the policy of the rule during
the time of the variance from the rule.
3. The department of corrections and rehabilitation shall give written reasons for granting
or denying a variance request.
4. In previously existing correctional facilities where specific rules cannot be complied
with because of alleged difficulty or undue hardship, exception to specific physical

plant rules must be made if the intent of the rule is met and security, supervision of
prisoners, established programs, or the safe, healthful, or efficient operation of the
correctional facility is not seriously affected.
### § 12-44.1-27. Corrective action - Enforcement.

Repealed by S.L. 2007, ch. 110, § 6.
### § 12-44.1-28. Correctional facility files and records confidentiality.

1. The medical, psychological, and treatment records of an inmate are confidential and
may not be disclosed directly or indirectly to any person, organization, or agency,
except as provided in this section. A court may order the inspection of the records, or
parts of the records, upon an application to the court and a showing that there is a
proper and legitimate purpose for the inspection and the provision of written
authorization from the inmate for the inspection. Notwithstanding any other provision of
law relating to privilege or confidentiality, except for the confidentiality requirements of
federal drug and alcohol treatment and rehabilitation laws, medical, psychological, or
treatment records may be inspected by or disclosed to the following persons,
organizations, or agencies without prior authorization from the inmate or an order from
the court:
a. A criminal justice agency as defined in subsection 4 of section 44-04-18.7.
b. A division, department, official, or employee of the department of corrections and
rehabilitation.
c. A federal, state, regional, county, or municipal correctional facility receiving
physical custody of an inmate from the original correctional facility.
d. A municipal or district court.
e. The department of health and human services, a public hospital or treatment
facility, or a licensed private hospital or treatment facility.
2. a. A person, agency, or institution governed by statutory confidentiality requirements
and receiving information or records under this section shall maintain the
confidentiality requirements.
b. Except as provided in subdivision a, a person, organization, or agency receiving
confidential records under subsection 1 may not redisclose the records and must
maintain the confidentiality of the records.
3. The employment or work release status of an inmate is an open record.
4. Records with respect to inmate identification, charges, criminal convictions, bail
information, and intake and projected release dates are open records.
5. Records with respect to a sentenced inmate's institutional discipline and conduct and
protective management are exempt records as defined under section 44-04-17.1.
6. Institutional discipline and conduct and protective management records of all other
inmates are confidential records and may only be disclosed as provided in
subsection 1.
### § 12-44.1-29. Provision of medication - Training requirements - Verification - Rules.

1. A correctional facility may authorize an employee to provide medication to an inmate of
a correctional facility if the employee is:
a. Licensed or registered under title 43 and is providing the medication within the
scope of practice of the profession for which the individual is licensed or
registered; or
b. A correctional facility staff member who has successfully completed a medication
assistant I training and competency evaluation program approved by the
department of health and human services under chapter 23-44. The requirements
for a medication assistant I training and competency evaluation program must be
met, except for the requirement a correctional facility staff member must be a
nurse aide or certified nurse aide on the department registry prior to entry into the

medication assistant I training and competency evaluation program or following
successful completion of the program.
2. If a correctional facility uses a correctional facility staff member to provide medication
to an inmate under subdivision b of subsection 1:
a. Upon successful completion of the department-approved medication assistant I
training and competency evaluation program, the correctional facility staff
member may provide medication administration to inmates consistent within the
scope and limitations of medication administration included in the medication
assistant I training and competency evaluation program; and
b. The correctional facility shall maintain records of all correctional facility staff
members who have successfully completed the department-approved medication
assistant I training and competency evaluation program, including verification of
successful completion of the program. The department may periodically review
the correctional facility's records to assure compliance with medication assistant I
training and competency evaluation requirements.
### § 12-44.1-30. Correctional officers authorized to carry weapons.

The administrator of a correctional facility may allow a qualified correctional officer to carry a
weapon, including a firearm, during the transport of another governmental agency's prisoner if
the correctional facility has a contract with the governmental agency to transport the agency's
prisoners and that contract requires the officer doing the transport to be armed with a weapon.
For purposes of this section, "governmental agency" means an agency or department of this
state or of any political subdivision in this state, or another state or of a political subdivision of
another state, or of the United States. The administrator of a correctional facility shall adopt a
policy, approved by the director of the department of corrections and rehabilitation, which
establishes the qualifications and training an officer must meet to carry a weapon under this
section. Sections 62.1-02-05, 62.1-02-10, and 62.1-03-01 do not apply to the possession and
use of a firearm by a qualified correctional officer acting in the course of employment as allowed
by this section.
### § 12-44.1-31. Contracts for out-of-state inmates - Requirements.

The governing body of a correctional facility that contracts with another state or a regional
correctional center, county, or city of another state for the confinement of lawfully committed
state, county, or city inmates from the other state is subject to the following conditions:
1. Before a correctional facility may accept an out-of-state inmate, the governing body of
the correctional facility shall approve and sign the contract that authorizes housing
out-of-state inmates.
2. Before accepting an out-of-state inmate, the administrator of the correctional facility
shall review the out-of-state inmate's file and request a nationwide criminal history
background check. The administrator may not accept:
a. Any inmate with a history of escape or attempted escape from official detention
as defined under section 12.1-08-06 or under an equivalent federal statute or
statute of another state;
b. Any inmate with a history of institutional violence, including violence against staff
or other inmates;
c. Any inmate who has pled guilty to, or has been convicted of, a crime of violence.
For the purpose of this section, a crime of violence includes kidnapping and any
violation of any state or federal law when the inmate knowingly or intentionally
inflicted, attempted to inflict, or threatened serious bodily injury, or death, or when
the inmate was armed with a firearm, dangerous weapon, or destructive device;
d. An inmate who has been convicted of aggravated assault involving substantial or
serious bodily injury, and the offense is a felony under the laws of the sending
state or under federal law, unless the administrator has obtained the approval of
the department of corrections and rehabilitation in advance of the placement. The
state of North Dakota and any officer or employee of the department is immune

from any civil liability for damages for personal injury or property damage caused
by an inmate placed in a correctional facility under this subsection;
e. Any inmate who has pled guilty to, or has been convicted of, a sexual offense in
which the victim was a child under the age of fifteen years, or the inmate
compelled, or attempted to compel, the victim to submit by force or by threat of
imminent death, serious bodily injury, or kidnapping, or if in the course of the
offense, the inmate inflicted serious or substantial bodily injury on the victim; or
f. Any inmate who has a documented affiliation as a member of a criminal street
gang as defined under section 12.1-06.2-01 or equivalent statute of another state
or under federal law.
3. Out-of-state inmates may not be permitted to leave the premises of the correctional
facility except to comply with a court order or to receive medical care.
4. The correctional facility may not house out-of-state inmates in the same cells with
inmates of the department of corrections and rehabilitation.
5. A contract under this section must include a requirement that if an out-of-state inmate
is charged with committing a crime while in the custody of the correctional facility, the
sending state shall take custody of the inmate upon the request of the correctional
facility and the written consent of the state's attorney of the county where the
correctional facility is located. If the sending state takes custody of the inmate and the
state's attorney requests the inmate be returned to this state for prosecution, the
correctional facility is responsible for the cost of returning the inmate to this state for
prosecution. If an out-of-state inmate is convicted and sentenced to the legal and
physical custody of the department of corrections and rehabilitation for a crime
committed while in the custody of the correctional facility, the correctional facility shall
reimburse the department for its costs to confine the inmate until completion of the
term of imprisonment.
6. The department of corrections and rehabilitation may not assume custody of an
out-of-state inmate placed in a correctional facility in this state under a contract
between the governing body of a correctional facility and a sending state except under
a lawful sentence and judgment of a district court of this state and after notice to the
sending state.
7. If the state or a political subdivision of this state incurs any cost in the investigation or
prosecution of an offense committed by an out-of-state inmate while in the custody of a
contracting correctional facility, the correctional facility shall reimburse the state or
political subdivision for the costs incurred.
8. A contract under this section must include a requirement that the sending state shall
notify the correctional facility of the expiration date of the out-of-state inmate's
imprisonment when the sending state transfers the out-of-state inmate to the
correctional facility and that the sending state shall retake the out-of-state inmate
before the expiration date of the out-of-state inmate's imprisonment.
9. For purposes of this section, "out-of-state inmate" means an individual who is
convicted of a crime in a state other than North Dakota; "sending state" means another
state and includes a city, county, or regional correctional center of another state; and
"correctional facility" means a facility subject to this chapter.
10. The correctional facility shall defend, indemnify, and hold harmless the state of North
Dakota, its agencies, officers, and employees from and against claims for personal
injury or property damage caused by an out-of-state inmate placed in a correctional
facility under this section.
### § 12-44.1-32. Sentence reduction credit.

An inmate sentenced to a correctional facility under this chapter is eligible to earn sentence
reductions based upon criteria established by the administrator, including sentence reduction for
good conduct. While incarcerated in a correctional facility, an offender may earn no more than a
one-day sentence reduction per six days served.

### § 12-44.1-33. Inmate medical care costs.

An inmate is financially responsible for the costs of medical or health care, except for an
intake health care assessment and related testing for an examination of the inmate made at the
request of the facility. The correctional facility may seek reimbursement from the inmate up to
the total amount of incurred medical or health care costs. If the inmate has health insurance
coverage, a medical or health care provider shall file a claim for reimbursement from the health
insurance provider. If the inmate does not have health insurance coverage and the inmate's
medical or health care costs are the responsibility of the correctional facility, the correctional
facility's responsibility may not exceed the rates paid under the federal Medicare program. If
elective medical or health care is allowed by a correctional facility policy, the inmate must
arrange payment for elective medical or health care before receiving care.
