=== References ===

===== Research (auto-generated) =====

**[[.:research|All 18 citing references →]]**

== History ==
  * [[.:start?rev=1000000|1889 (as adopted)]]
  * [[.:start?rev=394977600|1982-07-08]]
  * 2009-07-01 (current text)
  * [[.:start?do=revisions|Compare text between versions]]
  * Originally § 154 (1889 numbering); renumbered 1981.

== Citing cases (auto) ==
  * State ex rel. Backes v. a Motor Vehicle Described as a Pawling & Harnishefeger (P & H) 655, 37½ Ton Crane With a 100 Foot Boom, Serial 16789, [[https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/1250720/state-ex-rel-backes-v-a-motor-vehicle-described-as-a-pawling/|1992 ND 205]] (1992)
  * State ex rel. Rayl v. Hettinger County, [[https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/7928414/state-ex-rel-rayl-v-hettinger-county/|1991 ND 49]] (1991)
  * Moses, Governor v. Baker, State Auditor, [[https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/3933690/moses-v-baker/|1941 ND 51]] (1941)
  * State v. Towner County, [[https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/3934647/state-v-towner-county/|1938 ND 66]] (1938)
  * State ex rel. Sathre, Atty. Gen., v. Board of University and School Lands of North Dakota, [[https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/3933875/state-ex-rel-sathre-v-board-of-university-school-lands/|1935 ND 43]] (1935)
  * State ex rel. Board of University and School Lands of State v. Hanson, Commissioner of University and School Lands, [[https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/3935270/state-ex-rel-board-of-university-school-lands-v-hanson/|1934 ND 34]] (1934)
  * State v. Valley City Special School District, [[https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/6850641/state-v-valley-city-special-school-district/|1919 ND 146]] (1919)
  * State v. Bickford, [[https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/6849531/state-v-bickford/|1913 ND 118]] (1913)

== Attorney General opinions (auto) ==
  * [[https://attorneygeneral.nd.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2014-L-09.pdf|N.D. Op. Att'y Gen. 2014-L-09 (2014)]]
  * [[https://attorneygeneral.nd.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2012-L-02.pdf|N.D. Op. Att'y Gen. 2012-L-02 (2012)]]
  * [[https://attorneygeneral.nd.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/95hans01.pdf|N.D. Op. Att'y Gen. 95-L-35 (1995)]]
  * [[https://attorneygeneral.nd.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/84-10.pdf|N.D. Op. Att'y Gen. 84-10 (1984)]]
  * [[https://attorneygeneral.nd.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/80-112.pdf|N.D. Op. Att'y Gen. 80-112 (1980)]]